Summary
On the morning before the crucial Battle of Borodinó, we witness Napoleon in his most human moments—getting his daily rubdown, spritzing cologne, and dealing with disappointing news from Spain. When his palace prefect arrives with a portrait of his young son (called 'The King of Rome'), Napoleon stages an elaborate emotional performance, sitting alone with the painting while everyone watches from the wings. He then orders the portrait displayed to his troops, knowing they'll cheer on cue. The chapter reveals how even the most powerful people need their morning routines and ego boosts to face the day. Napoleon's ritual—the physical pampering, the scripted flattery from subordinates, the manufactured moment with his son's portrait—shows a man desperately maintaining his image of invincibility. His casual dismissal of Russian prisoners ('No prisoners!') and his confidence about taking Moscow reveal someone who's lost touch with reality. The portrait scene is particularly telling: Napoleon knows it's theater, but he needs the theater to function. His comment about removing the portrait because 'it's too soon for him to see a field of battle' suggests he knows the coming fight might not go as planned. This glimpse behind the curtain shows how leaders use ritual and performance to convince themselves as much as others.
Coming Up in Chapter 217
Napoleon rides out to inspect his troops and the battlefield, where the reality of what lies ahead begins to pierce through his carefully constructed confidence.
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An excerpt from the original text.(~500 words)
On August 25, the eve of the battle of Borodinó, M. de Beausset, prefect of the French Emperor’s palace, arrived at Napoleon’s quarters at Valúevo with Colonel Fabvier, the former from Paris and the latter from Madrid. Donning his court uniform, M. de Beausset ordered a box he had brought for the Emperor to be carried before him and entered the first compartment of Napoleon’s tent, where he began opening the box while conversing with Napoleon’s aides-de-camp who surrounded him. Fabvier, not entering the tent, remained at the entrance talking to some generals of his acquaintance. The Emperor Napoleon had not yet left his bedroom and was finishing his toilet. Slightly snorting and grunting, he presented now his back and now his plump hairy chest to the brush with which his valet was rubbing him down. Another valet, with his finger over the mouth of a bottle, was sprinkling Eau de Cologne on the Emperor’s pampered body with an expression which seemed to say that he alone knew where and how much Eau de Cologne should be sprinkled. Napoleon’s short hair was wet and matted on the forehead, but his face, though puffy and yellow, expressed physical satisfaction. “Go on, harder, go on!” he muttered to the valet who was rubbing him, slightly twitching and grunting. An aide-de-camp, who had entered the bedroom to report to the Emperor the number of prisoners taken in yesterday’s action, was standing by the door after delivering his message, awaiting permission to withdraw. Napoleon, frowning, looked at him from under his brows. “No prisoners!” said he, repeating the aide-de-camp’s words. “They are forcing us to exterminate them. So much the worse for the Russian army.... Go on... harder, harder!” he muttered, hunching his back and presenting his fat shoulders. “All right. Let Monsieur de Beausset enter, and Fabvier too,” he said, nodding to the aide-de-camp. “Yes, sire,” and the aide-de-camp disappeared through the door of the tent. Two valets rapidly dressed His Majesty, and wearing the blue uniform of the Guards he went with firm quick steps to the reception room. De Beausset’s hands meanwhile were busily engaged arranging the present he had brought from the Empress, on two chairs directly in front of the entrance. But Napoleon had dressed and come out with such unexpected rapidity that he had not time to finish arranging the surprise. Napoleon noticed at once what they were about and guessed that they were not ready. He did not wish to deprive them of the pleasure of giving him a surprise, so he pretended not to see de Beausset and called Fabvier to him, listening silently and with a stern frown to what Fabvier told him of the heroism and devotion of his troops fighting at Salamanca, at the other end of Europe, with but one thought—to be worthy of their Emperor—and but one fear—to fail to please him. The result of that battle had been deplorable. Napoleon made ironic remarks during Fabvier’s account, as if he had...
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Intelligence Amplifier™ Analysis
The Road of Ritual Armor - How We Perform Confidence to Hide Our Fear
The tendency to create elaborate performances of confidence when facing situations that expose our deepest insecurities.
Why This Matters
Connect literature to life
This chapter teaches how to distinguish between genuine confidence and desperate performance in yourself and others.
Practice This Today
This week, notice when someone's behavior becomes more rigid or elaborate under pressure—that's usually fear, not arrogance, and it calls for compassion rather than judgment.
Now let's explore the literary elements.
Terms to Know
Court ritual
The elaborate ceremonies and formal behaviors required around powerful people. These rituals serve to reinforce hierarchy and make the leader feel important. They're carefully choreographed performances.
Modern Usage:
We see this in corporate culture with executive assistants, formal meetings, and the way people act differently around the CEO.
Propaganda display
Using personal or emotional imagery to manipulate public opinion and boost morale. Leaders often use family photos or personal items to seem more relatable while advancing their agenda.
Modern Usage:
Politicians kissing babies, CEOs posting family photos on LinkedIn, or influencers sharing 'authentic' moments that are actually calculated.
Performance of power
When leaders act out confidence and control even when they're uncertain. The performance becomes as important as actual competence because people need to believe in their leader's strength.
Modern Usage:
Bosses who never admit mistakes, politicians who never show doubt, or parents who pretend they have everything figured out.
Echo chamber
When a leader surrounds themselves with people who only tell them what they want to hear. This creates false confidence and poor decision-making because reality gets filtered out.
Modern Usage:
Social media algorithms, yes-men in companies, or friend groups where nobody challenges bad ideas.
Manufactured emotion
Creating or staging emotional moments for public consumption. The emotion might be real, but the timing and presentation are calculated for maximum impact on observers.
Modern Usage:
Reality TV drama, social media posts timed for sympathy, or workplace tears that happen to occur during performance reviews.
Dehumanization of enemies
Treating opponents as less than human to make violence or cruelty easier to justify. Leaders often use casual language to dismiss the suffering of their enemies.
Modern Usage:
Calling immigrants 'illegals,' referring to homeless people as 'those people,' or any language that makes it easier to ignore someone's humanity.
Characters in This Chapter
Napoleon
Protagonist/tragic hero
Shows his morning routine of being pampered and flattered before battle. His casual dismissal of prisoners and staged emotion with his son's portrait reveal a man losing touch with reality while desperately maintaining his image.
Modern Equivalent:
The CEO who needs constant validation and lives in a bubble of yes-men
M. de Beausset
Court flatterer
The palace prefect who brings Napoleon the portrait of his son and orchestrates the emotional display. He knows exactly how to feed Napoleon's ego and stage moments for maximum effect.
Modern Equivalent:
The executive assistant who manages the boss's image and knows exactly what they want to hear
Colonel Fabvier
Messenger of bad news
Brings disappointing reports from Spain but stays outside the tent, showing how bad news gets filtered away from leaders. His presence reminds us that Napoleon's empire is already cracking.
Modern Equivalent:
The middle manager who has to deliver bad quarterly numbers to executives
The valet
Personal servant
Performs Napoleon's daily grooming ritual with exaggerated care, treating his body like a sacred object. Represents how power creates artificial importance around ordinary human needs.
Modern Equivalent:
The personal trainer or stylist who treats their celebrity client like royalty
Key Quotes & Analysis
"No prisoners!"
Context: His casual response when told about Russian prisoners from yesterday's fighting
This throwaway comment reveals Napoleon's complete dehumanization of his enemies. He's so disconnected from the reality of war that he can casually order mass killing while getting a massage.
In Today's Words:
Just get rid of them - I don't want to deal with complications.
"It's too soon for him to see a field of battle"
Context: Ordering his son's portrait to be removed after the staged emotional display
This moment of almost parental tenderness reveals Napoleon's unconscious fear about the coming battle. He knows it might not go well, despite his public confidence.
In Today's Words:
He doesn't need to see this mess I'm about to create.
"Go on, harder, go on!"
Context: Directing his valet during his morning rubdown
Shows Napoleon's need for physical comfort and control even in small things. His body is pampered like a precious object while he casually discusses human lives.
In Today's Words:
More pressure - I need this to feel good before I deal with today's problems.
Thematic Threads
Performance vs Reality
In This Chapter
Napoleon stages an emotional scene with his son's portrait, knowing it's theater but needing the theater to function
Development
Building on earlier scenes of social performance, now showing how even the most powerful use scripted moments for psychological survival
In Your Life:
You might catch yourself over-preparing presentations or conversations when you're feeling most insecure about the outcome
Power and Vulnerability
In This Chapter
The most powerful man in Europe needs daily physical pampering and emotional validation to face his fears
Development
Deepening the exploration of how authority figures maintain their image while dealing with human frailty
In Your Life:
You might notice how people in charge often become more demanding or rigid when they're actually feeling most uncertain
Ritual and Identity
In This Chapter
Napoleon's morning routine—rubdown, cologne, flattery—becomes essential armor for maintaining his sense of self
Development
Introduced here as a new way characters use routine to cope with existential threats
In Your Life:
You might recognize how your own daily rituals help you feel prepared to face challenges that scare you
Self-Deception
In This Chapter
Napoleon dismisses bad news from Spain and confidently predicts taking Moscow while privately knowing the battle could go wrong
Development
Continuing the theme of characters believing their own narratives to avoid uncomfortable truths
In Your Life:
You might catch yourself dismissing warning signs or red flags when you're too invested in a particular outcome
You now have the context. Time to form your own thoughts.
Discussion Questions
- 1
Why does Napoleon need so many rituals and performances on the morning of the big battle?
analysis • surface - 2
What does the portrait scene reveal about how Napoleon really feels about the coming battle?
analysis • medium - 3
When have you seen someone put on an elaborate show of confidence when they were actually scared or uncertain?
application • medium - 4
How can you tell the difference between genuine confidence and performed confidence in yourself and others?
application • deep - 5
What does Napoleon's need for daily validation teach us about how power and fear interact in human nature?
reflection • deep
Critical Thinking Exercise
Map Your Own Ritual Armor
Think about a time when you felt overwhelmed or scared about something important. What rituals, routines, or performances did you use to make yourself feel more confident? Write down the specific behaviors you used - the extra preparation, the way you dressed, the things you told yourself or others.
Consider:
- •Consider both helpful routines (that actually prepared you) and empty performances (that just made you feel better temporarily)
- •Notice whether your rituals helped you face reality or helped you avoid it
- •Think about how others might have perceived your behavior during that time
Journaling Prompt
Write about a current situation where you might be using ritual armor instead of addressing your real fears. What would happen if you acknowledged the uncertainty instead of performing confidence?
Coming Up Next...
Chapter 217: When Perfect Plans Meet Reality
The coming pages reveal overconfidence in planning can blind leaders to obvious problems, and teach us distance from reality makes good decision-making impossible. These discoveries help us navigate similar situations in our own lives.