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Moby-Dick - Chapter 20

Herman Melville

Moby-Dick

Chapter 20

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Summary

Ishmael and Queequeg head to the docks to find a whaling ship, and Ishmael gets his first real taste of the chaotic energy of a whaling port. The streets are packed with sailors from every corner of the world - Feegeeans, Tongatabooans, Portuguese, Danes, and more. It's like walking through a human zoo of different cultures, all drawn to New Bedford by the promise of whale oil money. Ishmael notices how these men, despite their wildly different backgrounds, all share the same hungry look in their eyes - they're all here for the same dangerous gamble. The chapter paints New Bedford as a kind of American melting pot on steroids, where the whale fishery brings together the most unlikely collection of humanity. Ishmael observes actual cannibals walking the same streets as Quakers, and nobody bats an eye because money is the great equalizer here. The whaling industry doesn't care where you're from or what gods you worship - it only cares if you can handle a harpoon. This diversity isn't celebrated or condemned; it's just the reality of a business that needs bodies willing to risk their lives. The chapter subtly shows how capitalism can create strange bedfellows, forcing people who might otherwise kill each other to work side by side. It's a perfect setup for the Pequod's crew, which we'll soon learn is its own floating United Nations. Melville is showing us that before these men even step foot on a ship, they're already living in a world where normal social rules don't apply - where a tattooed cannibal can be your best friend and a Christian can be your worst enemy.

Coming Up in Chapter 21

Ishmael and Queequeg's search for the right whaling ship leads them to a fateful encounter with a vessel whose very name seems to carry a curse. The choice they make will seal their destiny.

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An excerpt from the original text.(complete · 919 words)

A

ll Astir.

A day or two passed, and there was great activity aboard the Pequod.
Not only were the old sails being mended, but new sails were coming on
board, and bolts of canvas, and coils of rigging; in short, everything
betokened that the ship’s preparations were hurrying to a close.
Captain Peleg seldom or never went ashore, but sat in his wigwam
keeping a sharp look-out upon the hands: Bildad did all the purchasing
and providing at the stores; and the men employed in the hold and on
the rigging were working till long after night-fall.

On the day following Queequeg’s signing the articles, word was given at
all the inns where the ship’s company were stopping, that their chests
must be on board before night, for there was no telling how soon the
vessel might be sailing. So Queequeg and I got down our traps,
resolving, however, to sleep ashore till the last. But it seems they
always give very long notice in these cases, and the ship did not sail
for several days. But no wonder; there was a good deal to be done, and
there is no telling how many things to be thought of, before the Pequod
was fully equipped.

Every one knows what a multitude of things—beds, sauce-pans, knives and
forks, shovels and tongs, napkins, nut-crackers, and what not, are
indispensable to the business of housekeeping. Just so with whaling,
which necessitates a three-years’ housekeeping upon the wide ocean, far
from all grocers, costermongers, doctors, bakers, and bankers. And
though this also holds true of merchant vessels, yet not by any means
to the same extent as with whalemen. For besides the great length of
the whaling voyage, the numerous articles peculiar to the prosecution
of the fishery, and the impossibility of replacing them at the remote
harbors usually frequented, it must be remembered, that of all ships,
whaling vessels are the most exposed to accidents of all kinds, and
especially to the destruction and loss of the very things upon which
the success of the voyage most depends. Hence, the spare boats, spare
spars, and spare lines and harpoons, and spare everythings, almost, but
a spare Captain and duplicate ship.

At the period of our arrival at the Island, the heaviest storage of the
Pequod had been almost completed; comprising her beef, bread, water,
fuel, and iron hoops and staves. But, as before hinted, for some time
there was a continual fetching and carrying on board of divers odds and
ends of things, both large and small.

Chief among those who did this fetching and carrying was Captain
Bildad’s sister, a lean old lady of a most determined and indefatigable
spirit, but withal very kindhearted, who seemed resolved that, if she
could help it, nothing should be found wanting in the Pequod, after
once fairly getting to sea. At one time she would come on board with a
jar of pickles for the steward’s pantry; another time with a bunch of
quills for the chief mate’s desk, where he kept his log; a third time
with a roll of flannel for the small of some one’s rheumatic back.
Never did any woman better deserve her name, which was Charity—Aunt
Charity, as everybody called her. And like a sister of charity did this
charitable Aunt Charity bustle about hither and thither, ready to turn
her hand and heart to anything that promised to yield safety, comfort,
and consolation to all on board a ship in which her beloved brother
Bildad was concerned, and in which she herself owned a score or two of
well-saved dollars.

But it was startling to see this excellent hearted Quakeress coming on
board, as she did the last day, with a long oil-ladle in one hand, and
a still longer whaling lance in the other. Nor was Bildad himself nor
Captain Peleg at all backward. As for Bildad, he carried about with him
a long list of the articles needed, and at every fresh arrival, down
went his mark opposite that article upon the paper. Every once in a
while Peleg came hobbling out of his whalebone den, roaring at the men
down the hatchways, roaring up to the riggers at the mast-head, and
then concluded by roaring back into his wigwam.

During these days of preparation, Queequeg and I often visited the
craft, and as often I asked about Captain Ahab, and how he was, and
when he was going to come on board his ship. To these questions they
would answer, that he was getting better and better, and was expected
aboard every day; meantime, the two captains, Peleg and Bildad, could
attend to everything necessary to fit the vessel for the voyage. If I
had been downright honest with myself, I would have seen very plainly
in my heart that I did but half fancy being committed this way to so
long a voyage, without once laying my eyes on the man who was to be the
absolute dictator of it, so soon as the ship sailed out upon the open
sea. But when a man suspects any wrong, it sometimes happens that if he
be already involved in the matter, he insensibly strives to cover up
his suspicions even from himself. And much this way it was with me. I
said nothing, and tried to think nothing.

At last it was given out that some time next day the ship would
certainly sail. So next morning, Queequeg and I took a very early
start.

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Let's Analyse the Pattern

Pattern: Money's Strange Fellowship
New Bedford's docks reveal a pattern as old as commerce itself: when there's money to be made, every difference that normally divides people suddenly becomes negotiable. Ishmael watches cannibals and Quakers share the same sidewalk, not because they've overcome their prejudices, but because they're all chasing the same paycheck. The pattern is stark—economic opportunity creates temporary truces between natural enemies. This mechanism operates through simple necessity. When survival or prosperity depends on cooperation, humans will work alongside people they'd normally cross the street to avoid. The whaling industry doesn't care about your background, your beliefs, or your breakfast habits—it only cares if you can pull your weight on deck. Money becomes the universal translator, turning mutual suspicion into grudging partnership. These men haven't become enlightened; they've become practical. You see this pattern everywhere today. In hospitals, the Filipino nurse works alongside the doctor who wouldn't live in her neighborhood. On construction sites, the Trump supporter and the immigrant share tools and safety warnings. In Amazon warehouses, college graduates pack boxes next to high school dropouts, united by the need to make rate. The military throws together kids from suburbs and projects, creating bonds that wouldn't exist in civilian life. Even your workplace probably has people who'd never socialize outside those walls but function as a team from 9 to 5. When you recognize this pattern, you can navigate it strategically. Don't mistake economic cooperation for genuine acceptance—but don't dismiss its power either. Use these forced partnerships to build real connections. That coworker you'd never choose as a friend might teach you something crucial. More importantly, recognize when you're the one being standoffish. If someone's willing to work beside you, they've already extended an olive branch. Take it. The relationships formed in these pressure cookers often outlast the circumstances that created them. This is amplified intelligence in action: recognizing that money creates strange fellowships, understanding they're temporary but valuable, and using them as bridges to genuine human connection. When you can see past surface differences to shared struggles, you're not just surviving the workplace—you're building the networks that change lives.

Economic necessity forces cooperation between people who would otherwise remain separate, creating temporary but potentially transformative alliances.

Why This Matters

Connect literature to life

Skill: Reading Economic Alliances

This chapter teaches you to recognize when financial pressure creates temporary partnerships between natural opposites.

Practice This Today

This week, notice when money forces you to cooperate with someone you'd normally avoid - use that shared pressure as a conversation starter instead of a barrier.

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Now let's explore the literary elements.

Key Quotes & Analysis

"Actual cannibals stand chatting at street corners; savages outright; many of whom yet carry on their bones unholy flesh."

— Narrator

Context: Ishmael describing the international mix of sailors in New Bedford's streets

This quote shows how whaling ports forced 'civilized' Americans to work with people they'd normally fear or shun. The casual mention of cannibals 'chatting at street corners' like regular folks highlights how money and need override social taboos. It's Melville's way of showing capitalism's power to normalize the extraordinary.

In Today's Words:

It's like working night shift at a warehouse where half your coworkers are from countries we're supposedly at war with, but everyone just wants their paycheck.

"In New Bedford, actual cannibals stand chatting at street corners; savages outright; many of whom yet carry on their bones unholy flesh. It makes a stranger stare."

— Narrator

Context: Ishmael's first impression of New Bedford's diverse whaling community

The phrase 'It makes a stranger stare' captures the culture shock of seeing your prejudices made irrelevant by economics. These 'cannibals' aren't in a zoo or a book - they're potential coworkers. The whaling industry's hunger for labor trumps society's usual boundaries.

In Today's Words:

It's that moment when you realize your Uber driver has a PhD from a country you've been taught to fear.

"In thoroughfares nigh the docks, any considerable seaport will frequently offer to view the queerest looking nondescripts from foreign parts."

— Narrator

Context: Describing the international character of whaling ports

Melville uses 'nondescripts' - people who can't be easily categorized - to show how ports scramble normal social classifications. These spaces exist outside regular society's rules. The word 'queerest' (meaning strangest) emphasizes how whaling creates spaces where the abnormal becomes normal.

In Today's Words:

Like walking through JFK airport at 3am - you see every type of human being possible, and nobody fits into neat little boxes anymore.

Thematic Threads

Class

In This Chapter

The whaling industry flattens social hierarchies—cannibals and Quakers become equals when they're all potential crew

Development

Builds on earlier class observations, showing how maritime work specifically disrupts normal social order

In Your Life:

Your workplace probably pairs you with people from completely different backgrounds who you'd never meet otherwise

Identity

In This Chapter

Individual cultural identities become secondary to the shared identity of 'potential whaleman'

Development

Expands from Ishmael's personal identity questions to show how entire groups reshape identity for economic survival

In Your Life:

You might act differently at work than at home, adopting a 'work self' that fits the environment

Diversity

In This Chapter

New Bedford's streets showcase extreme human diversity united by singular economic purpose

Development

Introduced here as a major theme—the whaling industry as America's first truly global workplace

In Your Life:

Your job probably brings you into contact with people from backgrounds you'd never otherwise encounter

Capitalism

In This Chapter

The whale oil trade overrides all cultural, religious, and social boundaries in pursuit of profit

Development

Introduced here as the force that drives all other themes—money as the great equalizer and destroyer

In Your Life:

You've probably worked jobs where making rent mattered more than who you worked with

Prejudice

In This Chapter

Normal prejudices get suspended (not eliminated) when there's money at stake

Development

Develops from Ishmael's friendship with Queequeg to show this pattern at societal scale

In Your Life:

You might work smoothly with someone whose politics or lifestyle you strongly disagree with

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You now have the context. Time to form your own thoughts.

Discussion Questions

  1. 1

    What surprised Ishmael most about the crowds at the New Bedford docks?

    analysis • surface
  2. 2

    Why do you think the whaling industry attracted such a diverse mix of people from around the world?

    analysis • medium
  3. 3

    Where in your own life have you seen money or work bring together people who wouldn't normally associate?

    application • medium
  4. 4

    If you were dropped into a workplace where everyone was completely different from you, how would you find common ground?

    application • deep
  5. 5

    What does this chapter reveal about how economic necessity changes the way humans treat each other?

    reflection • deep

Critical Thinking Exercise

10 minutes

Map Your Workplace Alliances

Draw a simple diagram of your workplace or a place you regularly interact with others. Mark yourself in the center, then add the people you work with. Draw solid lines to people you'd socialize with outside work and dotted lines to those you only interact with for the job. Now add notes about what you've learned from the 'dotted line' people that you wouldn't have discovered otherwise.

Consider:

  • •Which 'dotted line' person has taught you the most valuable skill or lesson?
  • •Are there people you initially avoided but now respect?
  • •What common goals unite you with people you'd never choose as friends?

Journaling Prompt

Write about a time when working alongside someone very different from you changed your perspective. What walls came down? What did you discover about yourself?

Coming Up Next...

Chapter 21

Ishmael and Queequeg's search for the right whaling ship leads them to a fateful encounter with a vessel whose very name seems to carry a curse. The choice they make will seal their destiny.

Continue to Chapter 21
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Chapter 21

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