An excerpt from the original text.(complete · 1352 words)
lexey Alexandrovitch had gained a brilliant victory at the sitting of
the Commission of the 17th of August, but in the sequel this victory
cut the ground from under his feet. The new commission for the inquiry
into the condition of the native tribes in all its branches had been
formed and despatched to its destination with an unusual speed and
energy inspired by Alexey Alexandrovitch. Within three months a report
was presented. The condition of the native tribes was investigated in
its political, administrative, economic, ethnographic, material, and
religious aspects. To all these questions there were answers admirably
stated, and answers admitting no shade of doubt, since they were not a
product of human thought, always liable to error, but were all the
product of official activity. The answers were all based on official
data furnished by governors and heads of churches, and founded on the
reports of district magistrates and ecclesiastical superintendents,
founded in their turn on the reports of parochial overseers and parish
priests; and so all of these answers were unhesitating and certain. All
such questions as, for instance, of the cause of failure of crops, of
the adherence of certain tribes to their ancient beliefs,
etc.—questions which, but for the convenient intervention of the
official machine, are not, and cannot be solved for ages—received full,
unhesitating solution. And this solution was in favor of Alexey
Alexandrovitch’s contention. But Stremov, who had felt stung to the
quick at the last sitting, had, on the reception of the commission’s
report, resorted to tactics which Alexey Alexandrovitch had not
anticipated. Stremov, carrying with him several members, went over to
Alexey Alexandrovitch’s side, and not contenting himself with warmly
defending the measure proposed by Karenin, proposed other more extreme
measures in the same direction. These measures, still further
exaggerated in opposition to what was Alexey Alexandrovitch’s
fundamental idea, were passed by the commission, and then the aim of
Stremov’s tactics became apparent. Carried to an extreme, the measures
seemed at once to be so absurd that the highest authorities, and public
opinion, and intellectual ladies, and the newspapers, all at the same
time fell foul of them, expressing their indignation both with the
measures and their nominal father, Alexey Alexandrovitch. Stremov drew
back, affecting to have blindly followed Karenin, and to be astounded
and distressed at what had been done. This meant the defeat of Alexey
Alexandrovitch. But in spite of failing health, in spite of his
domestic griefs, he did not give in. There was a split in the
commission. Some members, with Stremov at their head, justified their
mistake on the ground that they had put faith in the commission of
revision, instituted by Alexey Alexandrovitch, and maintained that the
report of the commission was rubbish, and simply so much waste paper.
Alexey Alexandrovitch, with a following of those who saw the danger of
so revolutionary an attitude to official documents, persisted in
upholding the statements obtained by the revising commission. In
consequence of this, in the higher spheres, and even in society, all
was chaos, and although everyone was interested, no one could tell
whether the native tribes really were becoming impoverished and ruined,
or whether they were in a flourishing condition. The position of Alexey
Alexandrovitch, owing to this, and partly owing to the contempt
lavished on him for his wife’s infidelity, became very precarious. And
in this position he took an important resolution. To the astonishment
of the commission, he announced that he should ask permission to go
himself to investigate the question on the spot. And having obtained
permission, Alexey Alexandrovitch prepared to set off to these remote
provinces.
Alexey Alexandrovitch’s departure made a great sensation, the more so
as just before he started he officially returned the posting-fares
allowed him for twelve horses, to drive to his destination.
“I think it very noble,” Betsy said about this to the Princess Myakaya.
“Why take money for posting-horses when everyone knows that there are
railways everywhere now?”
But Princess Myakaya did not agree, and the Princess Tverskaya’s
opinion annoyed her indeed.
“It’s all very well for you to talk,” said she, “when you have I don’t
know how many millions; but I am very glad when my husband goes on a
revising tour in the summer. It’s very good for him and pleasant
traveling about, and it’s a settled arrangement for me to keep a
carriage and coachman on the money.”
On his way to the remote provinces Alexey Alexandrovitch stopped for
three days at Moscow.
The day after his arrival he was driving back from calling on the
governor-general. At the crossroads by Gazetoy Place, where there are
always crowds of carriages and sledges, Alexey Alexandrovitch suddenly
heard his name called out in such a loud and cheerful voice that he
could not help looking round. At the corner of the pavement, in a
short, stylish overcoat and a low-crowned fashionable hat, jauntily
askew, with a smile that showed a gleam of white teeth and red lips,
stood Stepan Arkadyevitch, radiant, young, and beaming. He called him
vigorously and urgently, and insisted on his stopping. He had one arm
on the window of a carriage that was stopping at the corner, and out of
the window were thrust the heads of a lady in a velvet hat, and two
children. Stepan Arkadyevitch was smiling and beckoning to his
brother-in-law. The lady smiled a kindly smile too, and she too waved
her hand to Alexey Alexandrovitch. It was Dolly with her children.
Alexey Alexandrovitch did not want to see anyone in Moscow, and least
of all his wife’s brother. He raised his hat and would have driven on,
but Stepan Arkadyevitch told his coachman to stop, and ran across the
snow to him.
“Well, what a shame not to have let us know! Been here long? I was at
Dussots’ yesterday and saw ‘Karenin’ on the visitors’ list, but it
never entered my head that it was you,” said Stepan Arkadyevitch,
sticking his head in at the window of the carriage, “or I should have
looked you up. I am glad to see you!” he said, knocking one foot
against the other to shake the snow off. “What a shame of you not to
let us know!” he repeated.
“I had no time; I am very busy,” Alexey Alexandrovitch responded dryly.
“Come to my wife, she does so want to see you.”
Alexey Alexandrovitch unfolded the rug in which his frozen feet were
wrapped, and getting out of his carriage made his way over the snow to
Darya Alexandrovna.
“Why, Alexey Alexandrovitch, what are you cutting us like this for?”
said Dolly, smiling.
“I was very busy. Delighted to see you!” he said in a tone clearly
indicating that he was annoyed by it. “How are you?”
“Tell me, how is my darling Anna?”
Alexey Alexandrovitch mumbled something and would have gone on. But
Stepan Arkadyevitch stopped him.
“I tell you what we’ll do tomorrow. Dolly, ask him to dinner. We’ll ask
Koznishev and Pestsov, so as to entertain him with our Moscow
celebrities.”
“Yes, please, do come,” said Dolly; “we will expect you at five, or six
o’clock, if you like. How is my darling Anna? How long....”
“She is quite well,” Alexey Alexandrovitch mumbled, frowning.
“Delighted!” and he moved away towards his carriage.
“You will come?” Dolly called after him.
Alexey Alexandrovitch said something which Dolly could not catch in the
noise of the moving carriages.
“I shall come round tomorrow!” Stepan Arkadyevitch shouted to him.
Alexey Alexandrovitch got into his carriage, and buried himself in it
so as neither to see nor be seen.
“Queer fish!” said Stepan Arkadyevitch to his wife, and glancing at his
watch, he made a motion of his hand before his face, indicating a
caress to his wife and children, and walked jauntily along the
pavement.
“Stiva! Stiva!” Dolly called, reddening.
He turned round.
“I must get coats, you know, for Grisha and Tanya. Give me the money.”
“Never mind; you tell them I’ll pay the bill!” and he vanished, nodding
genially to an acquaintance who drove by.
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Let's Analyse the Pattern
Using intense activity or work to escape emotional pain while convincing yourself you're being constructive.
Why This Matters
Connect literature to life
This chapter teaches how to distinguish between healthy productivity and desperate activity used to escape pain.
Practice This Today
This week, notice when you're working with desperate intensity rather than steady purpose—ask yourself what you're not thinking about right now.
Now let's explore the literary elements.
Key Quotes & Analysis
"The longer Levin mowed, the oftener he felt the moments of unconsciousness in which it seemed not his hands that swung the scythe, but the scythe mowing of itself."
Context: Levin loses himself completely in the rhythm of cutting hay
This captures the meditative state that comes from repetitive physical work. Levin finds the peace that's been eluding him by surrendering conscious thought and letting his body take over. It's a form of moving meditation.
In Today's Words:
The more he worked, the more he got into that zone where his body just took over and his mind finally went quiet.
"He felt as if some external power were moving him, and he experienced a joy such as he had never known."
Context: Levin discovers unexpected happiness in the simple act of mowing
This spiritual breakthrough comes not from thinking or reasoning, but from surrendering to physical work. Tolstoy suggests that authentic joy comes from connecting with basic human activities, not intellectual pursuits.
In Today's Words:
It felt like something bigger than himself was carrying him along, and he was happier than he'd been in forever.
"The grass cut with a juicy sound, and was laid in high, fragrant rows."
Context: Description of the sensory experience of mowing
Tolstoy focuses on immediate physical sensations - sound, smell, visual beauty. This grounds Levin (and readers) in the present moment, showing how manual work can pull us out of anxious thoughts into simple reality.
In Today's Words:
The grass made that perfect cutting sound and fell into neat, sweet-smelling lines.
Thematic Threads
Authenticity
In This Chapter
Levin seeks authentic connection through manual labor but realizes he's still performing a role rather than being genuine
Development
Evolved from his earlier social awkwardness to active seeking of 'real' experience
In Your Life:
You might find yourself trying to be 'more real' by rejecting your actual background or education.
Class
In This Chapter
Despite working alongside peasants, Levin's education and position create unbridgeable distance
Development
Consistent theme showing how class differences persist even in moments of apparent equality
In Your Life:
You experience this when trying to fit in with people from different economic backgrounds at work or socially.
Emotional Regulation
In This Chapter
Levin uses physical exhaustion to manage his emotional turmoil about Kitty's rejection
Development
New exploration of how characters cope with intense feelings
In Your Life:
You might recognize your own patterns of using exercise, work, or other activities to avoid processing difficult emotions.
Identity
In This Chapter
Levin questions who he really is - landowner, intellectual, or simple farmer
Development
Deepening of his ongoing identity crisis following social rejection
In Your Life:
You face this when major life changes force you to question which version of yourself is 'real.'
Isolation
In This Chapter
Levin creates physical and emotional distance from his social world through farm work
Development
Progression from social awkwardness to active withdrawal from society
In Your Life:
You might retreat into work or hobbies when relationships become too complicated or painful.
You now have the context. Time to form your own thoughts.
Discussion Questions
- 1
What specific activities does Levin throw himself into, and how does his body respond to this intense work?
analysis • surface - 2
Why does Levin choose physical farm work specifically as his escape, rather than other activities he could pursue?
analysis • medium - 3
Where do you see people today using intense activity or work to avoid dealing with emotional problems?
application • medium - 4
How can someone tell the difference between healthy, restorative work and work that's being used as emotional avoidance?
application • deep - 5
What does Levin's experience reveal about the relationship between physical work, mental clarity, and emotional healing?
reflection • deep
Critical Thinking Exercise
Map Your Productive Avoidance Patterns
Think about the last time you felt emotionally overwhelmed or rejected. List three activities you threw yourself into during that period. For each activity, write whether it genuinely helped you process the situation or just helped you avoid thinking about it. Then identify what you were actually avoiding and whether that issue still needs attention.
Consider:
- •Notice the difference between activities that exhaust you versus those that restore you
- •Pay attention to the intensity level - desperate energy versus steady purpose
- •Consider whether your 'productive' activities are addressing the root problem or just the symptoms
Journaling Prompt
Write about a time when you used work or intense activity to avoid emotional pain. What were you really running from, and what would have happened if you had faced it directly instead?
Coming Up Next...
Chapter 108
Sergey's unexpected arrival forces Levin to step away from his physical escape and confront the intellectual and emotional questions he's been avoiding. The brothers will have a conversation that challenges everything Levin thinks he knows about purpose and meaning.
