Summary
Jerry Cruncher finally comes clean about his grave-robbing side business, begging Mr. Lorry not to expose him while promising to reform. His confession reveals how desperation drives people to compromise their values, and how guilt eventually demands acknowledgment. Meanwhile, Sydney Carton secures access to Darnay through Barsad, though he warns it won't be enough to save him. The chapter's heart lies in Carton's transformation—he comforts the weeping Mr. Lorry with unexpected tenderness, asks profound questions about a life well-lived, and reflects on his own wasted years. His nighttime journey through Paris becomes a pilgrimage of sorts. He visits the prison where Lucie has stood so many times, encounters a gleeful wood-sawyer who celebrates the daily executions, and purchases mysterious chemicals from an apothecary. As dawn breaks, Carton repeats the biblical words 'I am the resurrection and the life,' suggesting he's found his purpose at last. The chapter ends with Darnay's trial beginning, where he faces three accusers: Ernest Defarge, Madame Defarge, and shockingly, Dr. Manette himself. A hidden document from Manette's prison days threatens to seal Darnay's fate. The irony is devastating—the very man whose freedom Darnay helped secure may now be the instrument of his destruction. This chapter masterfully builds tension while showing how the past refuses to stay buried.
Coming Up in Chapter 40
The mysterious document from Dr. Manette's prison cell is about to be read aloud in court. What terrible secret from the doctor's past will be revealed, and how will it seal Darnay's fate?
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An excerpt from the original text.(~500 words)
The Game Made While Sydney Carton and the Sheep of the prisons were in the adjoining dark room, speaking so low that not a sound was heard, Mr. Lorry looked at Jerry in considerable doubt and mistrust. That honest tradesman’s manner of receiving the look, did not inspire confidence; he changed the leg on which he rested, as often as if he had fifty of those limbs, and were trying them all; he examined his finger-nails with a very questionable closeness of attention; and whenever Mr. Lorry’s eye caught his, he was taken with that peculiar kind of short cough requiring the hollow of a hand before it, which is seldom, if ever, known to be an infirmity attendant on perfect openness of character. “Jerry,” said Mr. Lorry. “Come here.” Mr. Cruncher came forward sideways, with one of his shoulders in advance of him. “What have you been, besides a messenger?” After some cogitation, accompanied with an intent look at his patron, Mr. Cruncher conceived the luminous idea of replying, “Agicultooral character.” “My mind misgives me much,” said Mr. Lorry, angrily shaking a forefinger at him, “that you have used the respectable and great house of Tellson’s as a blind, and that you have had an unlawful occupation of an infamous description. If you have, don’t expect me to befriend you when you get back to England. If you have, don’t expect me to keep your secret. Tellson’s shall not be imposed upon.” “I hope, sir,” pleaded the abashed Mr. Cruncher, “that a gentleman like yourself wot I’ve had the honour of odd jobbing till I’m grey at it, would think twice about harming of me, even if it wos so--I don’t say it is, but even if it wos. And which it is to be took into account that if it wos, it wouldn’t, even then, be all o’ one side. There’d be two sides to it. There might be medical doctors at the present hour, a picking up their guineas where a honest tradesman don’t pick up his fardens--fardens! no, nor yet his half fardens--half fardens! no, nor yet his quarter--a banking away like smoke at Tellson’s, and a cocking their medical eyes at that tradesman on the sly, a going in and going out to their own carriages--ah! equally like smoke, if not more so. Well, that ’ud be imposing, too, on Tellson’s. For you cannot sarse the goose and not the gander. And here’s Mrs. Cruncher, or leastways wos in the Old England times, and would be to-morrow, if cause given, a floppin’ again the business to that degree as is ruinating--stark ruinating! Whereas them medical doctors’ wives don’t flop--catch ’em at it! Or, if they flop, their floppings goes in favour of more patients, and how can you rightly have one without t’other? Then, wot with undertakers, and wot with parish clerks, and wot with sextons, and wot with private watchmen (all awaricious and all in it), a man wouldn’t get much by it, even...
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Intelligence Amplifier™ Analysis
The Road of Desperate Justification
How crisis-driven compromises compound until we're trapped in behaviors that contradict our stated values, each step justified by necessity.
Why This Matters
Connect literature to life
This chapter teaches how small moral compromises create chains that eventually trap us in behaviors that contradict our values.
Practice This Today
This week, notice when you catch yourself saying 'just this once' or 'I have no choice'—pause and ask what boundary you're about to cross.
Now let's explore the literary elements.
Terms to Know
Resurrection man
A grave robber who dug up freshly buried corpses to sell to medical schools for anatomy lessons. This was Jerry Cruncher's secret side business that he's finally confessing to Mr. Lorry.
Modern Usage:
We see this same desperation in people who turn to illegal side hustles when legitimate work doesn't pay enough to survive.
Blind (criminal cover)
Using a legitimate business or job as cover for illegal activities. Jerry used his messenger job at Tellson's bank to hide his grave-robbing operations.
Modern Usage:
Like when someone uses their regular job to case houses for burglary, or runs drugs while working as a delivery driver.
Turnkey
A jailer who holds the keys to prison cells. Barsad is a turnkey who Sydney Carton is bribing to get access to Darnay in prison.
Modern Usage:
Anyone in a low-level position who controls access to something important - like security guards or administrative assistants who can make or break your day.
Tribunal
A court of justice, especially one set up for a specific purpose. During the French Revolution, these revolutionary tribunals had almost unlimited power to condemn people to death.
Modern Usage:
We see similar rushed justice in any system where fear and anger override due process - from workplace disciplinary hearings to social media pile-ons.
Denunciation
A formal accusation, especially one made publicly. In revolutionary France, anyone could denounce their neighbors as enemies of the people, often leading to execution.
Modern Usage:
Like anonymous tips to HR, calling someone out on social media, or any system where accusations alone can destroy someone's life.
Lettre de cachet
A sealed letter from the French king that could imprison someone indefinitely without trial. Dr. Manette's hidden document may contain such accusations against Darnay's family.
Modern Usage:
Any secret document or testimony that can destroy someone's life when it surfaces - like old texts, recordings, or background checks.
Characters in This Chapter
Jerry Cruncher
Conflicted confessor
Finally admits to Mr. Lorry that he's been robbing graves to make ends meet. His guilt and fear of exposure force him to come clean and beg for mercy.
Modern Equivalent:
The coworker who's been skimming from petty cash and finally confesses before getting caught
Mr. Lorry
Moral authority figure
Confronts Jerry about his suspicious behavior and criminal activities. Represents the respectable world that Jerry fears losing access to.
Modern Equivalent:
The HR manager who discovers an employee's side hustle violates company policy
Sydney Carton
Transformed hero
Shows unexpected tenderness comforting Mr. Lorry, secures prison access through Barsad, and begins his final transformation. His nighttime wandering suggests he's preparing for sacrifice.
Modern Equivalent:
The former addict who's found their purpose and is quietly preparing to do something meaningful with their life
Barsad
Corrupt facilitator
The prison guard who Carton has leverage over. Agrees to help Carton access Darnay but warns it won't be enough to save him.
Modern Equivalent:
The security guard who looks the other way for the right price but can't fix the bigger problem
Dr. Manette
Unwitting betrayer
Appears as the third accuser against Darnay through a hidden document from his prison years, creating devastating irony since Darnay helped free him.
Modern Equivalent:
The mentor whose past testimony comes back to destroy their protégé's future
Key Quotes & Analysis
"I am the resurrection and the life, saith the Lord: he that believeth in me, though he were dead, yet shall he live: and whosoever liveth and believeth in me shall never die."
Context: Carton repeats these biblical words while walking through Paris at dawn, preparing for his sacrifice
This quote reveals Carton's spiritual transformation and foreshadows his Christ-like sacrifice to save Darnay. He's found meaning in giving his life for others.
In Today's Words:
Even if you've wasted your life, you can still find redemption by doing something meaningful for others.
"It is a far, far better thing that I do, than I have ever done; it is a far, far better rest that I go to than I have ever known."
Context: Carton's final thoughts as he prepares for execution in Darnay's place
Shows Carton's complete transformation from self-loathing wastrel to someone who finds peace in ultimate sacrifice. His wasted life finally has meaning.
In Today's Words:
This is the first time I've ever done something that actually matters, and I'm finally at peace with myself.
"You have been the last dream of my soul."
Context: Carton speaking to Lucie about how his love for her has sustained him
Reveals that Lucie's goodness has been Carton's only source of hope and inspiration, even though she could never love him back.
In Today's Words:
You're the only beautiful thing I've ever had in my life, even if I could never have you.
Thematic Threads
Moral Compromise
In This Chapter
Jerry's grave-robbing confession shows how desperation leads to rationalized wrongdoing
Development
Evolved from earlier hints about his 'honest trade' to full revelation of systematic deception
In Your Life:
You might recognize this when you find yourself saying 'just this once' to justify bending your principles.
Hidden Consequences
In This Chapter
Dr. Manette's prison document surfaces to threaten Darnay, showing how past actions echo forward
Development
Builds on the recurring theme that buried secrets eventually surface with devastating timing
In Your Life:
You see this when old decisions or hidden truths resurface at the worst possible moments.
Transformation
In This Chapter
Sydney Carton shows unexpected tenderness and purpose, moving from despair toward meaning
Development
Continues his evolution from self-loathing drunk to someone discovering his capacity for sacrifice
In Your Life:
You might experience this when crisis forces you to discover strengths you didn't know you had.
Class Resentment
In This Chapter
The wood-sawyer's gleeful celebration of aristocratic executions reveals how oppression breeds bloodthirst
Development
Intensifies the theme of how systemic injustice creates cycles of violence and revenge
In Your Life:
You see this in how workplace hierarchies or social inequalities can breed resentment that explodes destructively.
Ironic Justice
In This Chapter
Dr. Manette becomes unwitting accuser of the man who freed him, showing how justice can become injustice
Development
Deepens the exploration of how revolutionary justice often consumes the innocent alongside the guilty
In Your Life:
You encounter this when systems designed to protect or help end up harming the very people they're meant to serve.
You now have the context. Time to form your own thoughts.
Discussion Questions
- 1
What drives Jerry Cruncher to finally confess his grave-robbing, and how does his desperation justify increasingly questionable choices?
analysis • surface - 2
How does Sydney Carton's transformation in this chapter show someone finding purpose after years of feeling worthless?
analysis • medium - 3
Where do you see the pattern of 'desperate justification' in modern workplaces, families, or communities?
application • medium - 4
What early warning systems could you create to recognize when you're rationalizing compromises to your values?
application • deep - 5
How does this chapter show that our past actions—even ones we've forgotten or justified—can return to shape our future?
reflection • deep
Critical Thinking Exercise
Map Your Compromise Pattern
Think of a situation where you gradually lowered your standards or bent your rules due to pressure. Map out the progression: What was the original boundary? What pressures made you flexible? What story did you tell yourself at each step? How did each compromise make the next one easier?
Consider:
- •Notice how each step felt reasonable in the moment
- •Identify the turning point where compromise became habit
- •Consider what early warning signs you missed
Journaling Prompt
Write about a time when you had to rebuild trust or integrity after a series of compromises. What did you learn about setting boundaries before crisis hits?
Coming Up Next...
Chapter 40: The Shadow's Terrible Truth
In the next chapter, you'll discover past injustices can echo through generations with devastating consequences, and learn bearing witness to suffering requires moral courage and often comes at great personal cost. These insights reveal timeless patterns that resonate in our own lives and relationships.