Summary
The Music and the Letter
The Awakening by Kate Chopin
Edna visits Mademoiselle Reisz in her cramped rooftop apartment, a space that reflects the pianist's fierce independence—dingy but filled with light, air, and magnificent music. The eccentric musician reveals she has received a letter from Robert in Mexico, filled entirely with questions and thoughts about Edna. When Edna begs to see it, Mademoiselle initially refuses but eventually relents. Their conversation turns to Edna's artistic aspirations. Mademoiselle warns that becoming a true artist requires more than talent—it demands 'the courageous soul' that 'dares and defies.' As Mademoiselle plays Chopin's Impromptu (Robert's favorite), Edna reads his letter by fading light. The music transforms from soft melody to turbulent, passionate expression, mirroring Edna's emotional awakening. She breaks down sobbing, just as she did that pivotal night at Grand Isle when she first felt her inner voice stirring. The chapter reveals how art can serve as both mirror and catalyst for our deepest feelings, while showing us that the most unlikely people—like the homely, sharp-tongued Mademoiselle—can become crucial guides in our journey toward authentic self-expression. The evening leaves Edna emotionally raw but more connected to her emerging artistic identity.
Coming Up in Chapter 22
Edna's encounter with Robert's letter and Mademoiselle's challenging words about artistic courage will push her to make bold decisions about her life and art. The emotional awakening sparked by music and memory continues to build toward significant changes.
Share it with friends
An excerpt from the original text.(~500 words)
Some people contended that the reason Mademoiselle Reisz always chose apartments up under the roof was to discourage the approach of beggars, peddlars and callers. There were plenty of windows in her little front room. They were for the most part dingy, but as they were nearly always open it did not make so much difference. They often admitted into the room a good deal of smoke and soot; but at the same time all the light and air that there was came through them. From her windows could be seen the crescent of the river, the masts of ships and the big chimneys of the Mississippi steamers. A magnificent piano crowded the apartment. In the next room she slept, and in the third and last she harbored a gasoline stove on which she cooked her meals when disinclined to descend to the neighboring restaurant. It was there also that she ate, keeping her belongings in a rare old buffet, dingy and battered from a hundred years of use. When Edna knocked at Mademoiselle Reisz’s front room door and entered, she discovered that person standing beside the window, engaged in mending or patching an old prunella gaiter. The little musician laughed all over when she saw Edna. Her laugh consisted of a contortion of the face and all the muscles of the body. She seemed strikingly homely, standing there in the afternoon light. She still wore the shabby lace and the artificial bunch of violets on the side of her head. “So you remembered me at last,” said Mademoiselle. “I had said to myself, ‘Ah, bah! she will never come.’” “Did you want me to come?” asked Edna with a smile. “I had not thought much about it,” answered Mademoiselle. The two had seated themselves on a little bumpy sofa which stood against the wall. “I am glad, however, that you came. I have the water boiling back there, and was just about to make some coffee. You will drink a cup with me. And how is _la belle dame?_ Always handsome! always healthy! always contented!” She took Edna’s hand between her strong wiry fingers, holding it loosely without warmth, and executing a sort of double theme upon the back and palm. “Yes,” she went on; “I sometimes thought: ‘She will never come. She promised as those women in society always do, without meaning it. She will not come.’ For I really don’t believe you like me, Mrs. Pontellier.” “I don’t know whether I like you or not,” replied Edna, gazing down at the little woman with a quizzical look. The candor of Mrs. Pontellier’s admission greatly pleased Mademoiselle Reisz. She expressed her gratification by repairing forthwith to the region of the gasoline stove and rewarding her guest with the promised cup of coffee. The coffee and the biscuit accompanying it proved very acceptable to Edna, who had declined refreshment at Madame Lebrun’s and was now beginning to feel hungry. Mademoiselle set the tray which she brought in upon a...
Master this chapter. Complete your experience
Purchase the complete book to access all chapters and support classic literature
As an Amazon Associate, we earn a small commission from qualifying purchases at no additional cost to you.
Available in paperback, hardcover, and e-book formats
Intelligence Amplifier™ Analysis
The Road of Artistic Courage - When Creative Dreams Demand Everything
True creative expression requires sacrificing social approval and security, but this sacrifice is what enables authentic artistic power.
Why This Matters
Connect literature to life
This chapter teaches how to identify people whose unconventional choices and hard-won wisdom can guide your own difficult decisions.
Practice This Today
This week, notice who in your life chose authenticity over approval—they might look eccentric or unsuccessful by conventional standards, but they often have the clearest vision of what matters.
Now let's explore the literary elements.
Terms to Know
prunella gaiter
A cloth covering worn over shoes and ankles, made from a sturdy fabric called prunella. These were practical accessories for women in the 1890s to protect their shoes and stockings from dirt and weather.
Modern Usage:
Like wearing rain boots or shoe covers - practical gear that shows someone prioritizes function over fashion.
buffet (furniture)
A large piece of dining room furniture used for storing dishes, linens, and serving food. In this era, it was a sign of middle-class respectability, though Mademoiselle's is old and battered.
Modern Usage:
Similar to how we judge people's financial status by their kitchen appliances or furniture quality.
gasoline stove
An early type of portable cooking stove that burned gasoline for fuel. This was modern technology in the 1890s, allowing people to cook in small spaces without a full kitchen setup.
Modern Usage:
Like having a hot plate or camping stove in a studio apartment - making do with limited space and resources.
Chopin's Impromptu
A type of musical composition meant to sound spontaneous and emotional, as if improvised on the spot. Chopin was a Romantic composer known for passionate, expressive piano pieces.
Modern Usage:
Like a musician's freestyle rap or jam session - music that feels raw and unplanned, straight from the heart.
the courageous soul
Mademoiselle's phrase for what it takes to be a true artist - not just talent, but the bravery to be authentic and face criticism. It means having the guts to express your real self.
Modern Usage:
What we mean when we say someone needs to 'be brave enough to be themselves' or 'have the courage of their convictions.'
dares and defies
Mademoiselle's description of what artists must do - challenge social expectations and push boundaries, even when it's uncomfortable or risky.
Modern Usage:
Like influencers who post controversial content or employees who speak up against workplace problems - taking risks to stay true to yourself.
Characters in This Chapter
Edna Pontellier
protagonist
Visits Mademoiselle desperately seeking connection to Robert through his letter. She's beginning to take her art seriously but needs validation and guidance about what it means to be a true artist.
Modern Equivalent:
The woman questioning her whole life path, seeking mentors and signs about whether to pursue her dreams
Mademoiselle Reisz
mentor/truth-teller
Lives independently in her rooftop apartment, initially withholding Robert's letter to test Edna. She delivers harsh truths about what artistic life really requires - courage and defiance, not just talent.
Modern Equivalent:
The brutally honest friend who tells you what you need to hear, not what you want to hear
Robert Lebrun
absent love interest
Though physically absent, his presence dominates through his letter filled with questions about Edna. His favorite piece of music becomes the soundtrack to Edna's emotional breakdown.
Modern Equivalent:
The ex who's always on your mind, whose social media posts you analyze for hidden meanings
Key Quotes & Analysis
"The artist must possess the courageous soul that dares and defies."
Context: Warning Edna about what it really takes to be an artist, not just someone who paints as a hobby
This is the chapter's central message about authenticity requiring bravery. Mademoiselle is telling Edna that real artistic expression means risking disapproval and challenging expectations.
In Today's Words:
If you want to be real about your art, you've got to be willing to ruffle feathers and not care what people think.
"He writes of you but never a line does he send you."
Context: Revealing that Robert's entire letter is about Edna, though he won't write to her directly
This shows the painful distance between Edna and Robert, and how he's processing their connection from afar. It highlights the social constraints that keep them apart.
In Today's Words:
He's totally obsessed with you but too scared to actually reach out.
"The music grew strange and fantastic - turbulent, insistent, plaintive and soft with entreaty."
Context: Describing how the Chopin piece changes as Edna reads Robert's letter
The music mirrors Edna's emotional journey in this scene, moving from gentle melody to passionate turbulence. It shows how art can amplify and express our deepest feelings.
In Today's Words:
The song started sweet but turned into something desperate and pleading, like it was begging for something.
Thematic Threads
Artistic Identity
In This Chapter
Mademoiselle Reisz embodies the true artist—living authentically despite social costs, creating music that moves souls
Development
Introduced here as contrast to Edna's emerging artistic aspirations
In Your Life:
You might recognize this when choosing between creative authenticity and social expectations in your own pursuits.
Social Defiance
In This Chapter
Mademoiselle's eccentric lifestyle and sharp tongue protect her artistic integrity from social pressures
Development
Building on Edna's earlier rebellions, now showing the full cost and reward of defying conventions
In Your Life:
You see this when deciding whether to pursue something meaningful that others might judge or dismiss.
Emotional Awakening
In This Chapter
Music triggers Edna's breakdown, connecting her to the same vulnerability she felt at Grand Isle
Development
Continues the awakening theme but now through artistic rather than romantic catalyst
In Your Life:
You experience this when art, music, or beauty suddenly makes you feel emotions you've been suppressing.
Mentorship
In This Chapter
Mademoiselle serves as artistic guide, offering both inspiration and harsh truth about the artist's path
Development
Introduced here as new relationship dynamic beyond family and romantic connections
In Your Life:
You encounter this when someone further along your path offers guidance that challenges your comfortable assumptions.
Hidden Connections
In This Chapter
Robert's letter reveals his constant thoughts of Edna, showing their separation hasn't diminished their bond
Development
Develops the Robert relationship theme through absence rather than presence
In Your Life:
You recognize this when discovering someone thinks of you more than they've revealed, or when your own hidden feelings are exposed.
You now have the context. Time to form your own thoughts.
Discussion Questions
- 1
What does Mademoiselle Reisz's living situation tell us about the choices she's made as an artist?
analysis • surface - 2
Why does Mademoiselle warn Edna that being an artist requires 'the courageous soul that dares and defies'?
analysis • medium - 3
Think about people you know who have creative talents but keep them hidden. What fears might be holding them back?
application • medium - 4
If you had to choose between financial security and pursuing something you're passionate about, how would you make that decision?
application • deep - 5
What does this chapter suggest about the relationship between comfort and authentic self-expression?
reflection • deep
Critical Thinking Exercise
Map Your Creative Courage
Think of something creative you do or want to do—writing, music, art, crafts, cooking, gardening, anything that expresses who you are. Draw two columns: 'What I Risk' and 'What I Gain.' List the real costs of pursuing this more seriously (time, money, judgment from others) and the real benefits (personal satisfaction, growth, connection with others). This isn't about making a decision—it's about seeing the trade-offs clearly.
Consider:
- •Consider both practical risks (time, money) and emotional ones (judgment, failure)
- •Think about what 'pursuing it more seriously' actually means—it doesn't have to mean quitting your day job
- •Notice which column feels more real to you right now—the risks or the gains
Journaling Prompt
Write about a time when you shared something creative with someone else. What was that experience like? What did you learn about yourself from their reaction—or from your own courage in sharing?
Coming Up Next...
Chapter 22: The Doctor's Visit
The coming pages reveal to recognize when someone is struggling with personal transformation, and teach us dismissing women's concerns as 'moods' can damage relationships. These discoveries help us navigate similar situations in our own lives.