Summary
Gulliver arrives on the floating island of Laputa, where he encounters the most peculiar people yet. The Laputians are so absorbed in mathematical and musical theories that they need servants called 'flappers' to literally tap them on the mouth and ears to get their attention during conversations. Their heads tilt at odd angles, one eye always looking inward, the other skyward, symbolizing their complete disconnection from the world around them. Even their food is cut into geometric shapes and their clothes are decorated with mathematical symbols. Despite their theoretical brilliance, they're utterly impractical—their houses have no right angles because they consider practical geometry beneath them. The king ignores Gulliver's arrival because he's solving a math problem, and when they finally interact, the king shows zero interest in Gulliver's experiences with other cultures, caring only about mathematics. Most bizarrely, these mathematical geniuses live in constant terror of cosmic catastrophes—they obsess over comets, solar flares, and astronomical disasters that might happen decades in the future. This anxiety consumes them so completely they can't sleep or enjoy simple pleasures. Meanwhile, their wives are miserable and frequently run away with visitors from the mainland, preferring poverty with passionate lovers to luxury with absent-minded husbands. Swift uses the Laputians to satirize academics and intellectuals who become so specialized they lose touch with human reality and common sense.
Coming Up in Chapter 19
Gulliver will soon discover what lies beneath the floating island—and learn how the Laputians use their aerial advantage to control the people on the ground below through methods both ingenious and tyrannical.
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An excerpt from the original text.(~500 words)
The humours and dispositions of the Laputians described. An account of their learning. Of the king and his court. The author’s reception there. The inhabitants subject to fear and disquietudes. An account of the women. At my alighting, I was surrounded with a crowd of people, but those who stood nearest seemed to be of better quality. They beheld me with all the marks and circumstances of wonder; neither indeed was I much in their debt, having never till then seen a race of mortals so singular in their shapes, habits, and countenances. Their heads were all reclined, either to the right, or the left; one of their eyes turned inward, and the other directly up to the zenith. Their outward garments were adorned with the figures of suns, moons, and stars; interwoven with those of fiddles, flutes, harps, trumpets, guitars, harpsichords, and many other instruments of music, unknown to us in Europe. I observed, here and there, many in the habit of servants, with a blown bladder, fastened like a flail to the end of a stick, which they carried in their hands. In each bladder was a small quantity of dried peas, or little pebbles, as I was afterwards informed. With these bladders, they now and then flapped the mouths and ears of those who stood near them, of which practice I could not then conceive the meaning. It seems the minds of these people are so taken up with intense speculations, that they neither can speak, nor attend to the discourses of others, without being roused by some external taction upon the organs of speech and hearing; for which reason, those persons who are able to afford it always keep a flapper (the original is _climenole_) in their family, as one of their domestics; nor ever walk abroad, or make visits, without him. And the business of this officer is, when two, three, or more persons are in company, gently to strike with his bladder the mouth of him who is to speak, and the right ear of him or them to whom the speaker addresses himself. This flapper is likewise employed diligently to attend his master in his walks, and upon occasion to give him a soft flap on his eyes; because he is always so wrapped up in cogitation, that he is in manifest danger of falling down every precipice, and bouncing his head against every post; and in the streets, of justling others, or being justled himself into the kennel. It was necessary to give the reader this information, without which he would be at the same loss with me to understand the proceedings of these people, as they conducted me up the stairs to the top of the island, and from thence to the royal palace. While we were ascending, they forgot several times what they were about, and left me to myself, till their memories were again roused by their flappers; for they appeared altogether unmoved by the sight of my foreign...
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Intelligence Amplifier™ Analysis
The Road of Brilliant Irrelevance
When specialized expertise becomes so disconnected from practical human needs that it transforms from wisdom into willful blindness.
Why This Matters
Connect literature to life
This chapter teaches how to recognize when complex jargon and theoretical frameworks are being used to avoid practical accountability.
Practice This Today
This week, notice when someone uses specialized language to dismiss your practical concerns—ask them to explain how their expertise solves the actual problem you're facing.
Now let's explore the literary elements.
Terms to Know
Satire
A literary technique that uses humor, irony, and exaggeration to criticize people's vices or foolishness. Swift makes the Laputians absurdly impractical to mock real intellectuals who lose touch with common sense.
Modern Usage:
We see this in comedy shows like The Office or Saturday Night Live that exaggerate real workplace or political behaviors to point out their ridiculousness.
Flappers
Servants who carry bladders filled with pebbles to tap the Laputians on their mouths and ears to get their attention. They're needed because the intellectuals are so lost in thought they can't function in basic conversations.
Modern Usage:
Like having to text someone sitting right next to you because they're so absorbed in their phone or work that they don't hear you talking.
Absent-minded professor
The stereotype of brilliant academics who are so focused on abstract ideas they can't handle practical daily life. The Laputians can solve complex math but can't build a proper house.
Modern Usage:
The tech genius who can code amazing software but forgets to eat or can't figure out how to do laundry.
Floating island
Laputa literally floats above the earth, powered by a giant magnet. This physical separation from the ground symbolizes how intellectuals can become disconnected from real-world concerns and ordinary people.
Modern Usage:
When we say someone lives in an 'ivory tower' or is 'out of touch' - like politicians or academics who make policies without understanding how regular people actually live.
Geometric obsession
The Laputians are so obsessed with mathematical perfection that they cut their food into triangles and circles, and their houses have no right angles because they think practical geometry is beneath them.
Modern Usage:
Like people so obsessed with optimization apps and life hacks that they lose sight of just living normally and enjoying simple pleasures.
Anxiety paralysis
Despite their intelligence, the Laputians live in constant fear of cosmic disasters that might happen decades in the future. Their knowledge makes them more anxious, not more confident.
Modern Usage:
Like people who know too much about climate change, economic forecasts, or health risks and become paralyzed by worry instead of taking practical action.
Characters in This Chapter
Gulliver
Observer and narrator
He arrives on Laputa and describes the bizarre customs he encounters. His practical, down-to-earth perspective highlights how absurd the Laputians' behavior really is.
Modern Equivalent:
The new employee trying to understand a dysfunctional workplace culture
The King of Laputa
Distracted ruler
He's so absorbed in solving a math problem that he completely ignores Gulliver's arrival. When they finally meet, he shows no interest in Gulliver's travels, only in mathematics.
Modern Equivalent:
The CEO who's so focused on spreadsheets and theories that they ignore what's actually happening with customers and employees
The Flappers
Practical servants
They're the only ones who can get anything done because they're not lost in abstract thought. They literally have to wake up the intellectuals to participate in basic human interaction.
Modern Equivalent:
The assistant who has to manage their brilliant but completely impractical boss's daily life
Laputian wives
Neglected spouses
They're miserable because their husbands are so absorbed in mathematics they ignore their families. Many run away with visiting strangers, preferring poverty to emotional neglect.
Modern Equivalent:
The spouse of a workaholic who's physically present but mentally always somewhere else
Key Quotes & Analysis
"Their heads were all reclined, either to the right, or the left; one of their eyes turned inward, and the other directly up to the zenith."
Context: Gulliver's first description of the Laputians' physical appearance
This bizarre physical description symbolizes their mental state - one eye looking inward represents self-absorption, the other looking skyward represents obsession with abstract theories. They literally cannot see what's right in front of them.
In Today's Words:
These people were so lost in their own thoughts and theories that they couldn't pay attention to the real world around them.
"It seems the minds of these people are so taken up with intense speculations, that they neither can speak, nor attend to the discourse of others, without being roused by some external taction upon the organs of speech and hearing."
Context: Explaining why the flappers are necessary
Swift is mocking intellectuals who become so absorbed in abstract thinking they lose basic social skills. Their brilliance actually makes them less functional as human beings.
In Today's Words:
These people were so obsessed with their theories that they couldn't even have a normal conversation without someone literally poking them to pay attention.
"They are very bad reasoners, and vehemently given to opposition, unless when they happen to be of the right opinion, which is seldom their case."
Context: Describing how the Laputians argue about practical matters
Despite their mathematical genius, they're terrible at practical reasoning and argue constantly about things they don't understand. Swift shows how specialization can create blind spots.
In Today's Words:
For all their book smarts, they were awful at common sense and always argued about stuff they didn't really get.
Thematic Threads
Class
In This Chapter
The Laputians use intellectual superiority to justify ignoring practical concerns and human connection
Development
Evolved from Lilliputian political games to academic elitism that abandons real-world responsibility
In Your Life:
You might see this when colleagues use jargon to avoid explaining themselves or when experts dismiss your practical questions as 'too basic.'
Identity
In This Chapter
The Laputians have merged their identity so completely with their expertise that they've lost touch with their humanity
Development
Builds on earlier themes of how roles can consume the person, now showing complete identity dissolution
In Your Life:
You might recognize this when you realize you only talk about work or when your expertise becomes your entire sense of self-worth.
Social Expectations
In This Chapter
Laputian wives are expected to admire abstract brilliance while their emotional and practical needs are completely ignored
Development
Continues the pattern of social roles that demand sacrifice of authentic needs for artificial ideals
In Your Life:
You might experience this when you're expected to be impressed by someone's credentials while they ignore your actual concerns.
Human Relationships
In This Chapter
Marriages fail because intellectual obsession has replaced human connection and practical partnership
Development
Shows how earlier themes of disconnection can destroy the most intimate relationships
In Your Life:
You might see this when someone in your life becomes so absorbed in their interests that they stop really seeing or hearing you.
Fear
In This Chapter
Despite their brilliance, Laputians live in constant terror of cosmic disasters they cannot control
Development
Introduced here as a new theme showing how disconnection from reality breeds irrational anxieties
In Your Life:
You might recognize this when expertise in one area makes you more anxious about everything else you can't control.
You now have the context. Time to form your own thoughts.
Discussion Questions
- 1
Why do the Laputians need servants to tap them during conversations, and what does this reveal about their priorities?
analysis • surface - 2
The Laputians are brilliant mathematicians but terrible at practical tasks like building houses. What causes this disconnect between intelligence and competence?
analysis • medium - 3
Where do you see the Laputian pattern today—experts so specialized they've lost touch with real-world needs?
application • medium - 4
If you worked with someone who had brilliant ideas but couldn't communicate them practically, how would you bridge that gap?
application • deep - 5
Why do the Laputian wives run away with mainland visitors, and what does this teach us about the cost of intellectual arrogance?
reflection • deep
Critical Thinking Exercise
Apply the Laputian Test
Think of an area where you have expertise or specialized knowledge. Now imagine explaining your most important insight to a smart twelve-year-old who needs to solve a real problem. Write out this explanation, focusing on practical application rather than technical details. If you struggle to make it clear and useful, you might be falling into the Laputian trap.
Consider:
- •Can you explain it without jargon or insider language?
- •Does your explanation help someone take concrete action?
- •Are you more focused on sounding smart or being helpful?
Journaling Prompt
Write about a time when someone's expertise actually made a situation worse because they couldn't connect with practical needs. What would you have done differently in their position?
Coming Up Next...
Chapter 19: The Science of Control
Moving forward, we'll examine those in power use technology and dependency to maintain control, and understand understanding the mechanics behind authority helps you recognize manipulation. These insights bridge the gap between classic literature and modern experience.