An excerpt from the original text.(complete · 1272 words)
ORTES SANCTORUM—THE VALENTINE
It was Sunday afternoon in the farmhouse, on the thirteenth of
February. Dinner being over, Bathsheba, for want of a better companion,
had asked Liddy to come and sit with her. The mouldy pile was dreary in
winter-time before the candles were lighted and the shutters closed;
the atmosphere of the place seemed as old as the walls; every nook
behind the furniture had a temperature of its own, for the fire was not
kindled in this part of the house early in the day; and Bathsheba’s new
piano, which was an old one in other annals, looked particularly
sloping and out of level on the warped floor before night threw a shade
over its less prominent angles and hid the unpleasantness. Liddy, like
a little brook, though shallow, was always rippling; her presence had
not so much weight as to task thought, and yet enough to exercise it.
On the table lay an old quarto Bible, bound in leather. Liddy looking
at it said,—
“Did you ever find out, miss, who you are going to marry by means of
the Bible and key?”
“Don’t be so foolish, Liddy. As if such things could be.”
“Well, there’s a good deal in it, all the same.”
“Nonsense, child.”
“And it makes your heart beat fearful. Some believe in it; some don’t;
I do.”
“Very well, let’s try it,” said Bathsheba, bounding from her seat with
that total disregard of consistency which can be indulged in towards a
dependent, and entering into the spirit of divination at once. “Go and
get the front door key.”
Liddy fetched it. “I wish it wasn’t Sunday,” she said, on returning.
“Perhaps ’tis wrong.”
“What’s right week days is right Sundays,” replied her mistress in a
tone which was a proof in itself.
The book was opened—the leaves, drab with age, being quite worn away at
much-read verses by the forefingers of unpractised readers in former
days, where they were moved along under the line as an aid to the
vision. The special verse in the Book of Ruth was sought out by
Bathsheba, and the sublime words met her eye. They slightly thrilled
and abashed her. It was Wisdom in the abstract facing Folly in the
concrete. Folly in the concrete blushed, persisted in her intention,
and placed the key on the book. A rusty patch immediately upon the
verse, caused by previous pressure of an iron substance thereon, told
that this was not the first time the old volume had been used for the
purpose.
“Now keep steady, and be silent,” said Bathsheba.
The verse was repeated; the book turned round; Bathsheba blushed
guiltily.
“Who did you try?” said Liddy curiously.
“I shall not tell you.”
“Did you notice Mr. Boldwood’s doings in church this morning, miss?”
Liddy continued, adumbrating by the remark the track her thoughts had
taken.
“No, indeed,” said Bathsheba, with serene indifference.
“His pew is exactly opposite yours, miss.”
“I know it.”
“And you did not see his goings on!”
“Certainly I did not, I tell you.”
Liddy assumed a smaller physiognomy, and shut her lips decisively.
This move was unexpected, and proportionately disconcerting. “What did
he do?” Bathsheba said perforce.
“Didn’t turn his head to look at you once all the service.”
“Why should he?” again demanded her mistress, wearing a nettled look.
“I didn’t ask him to.”
“Oh no. But everybody else was noticing you; and it was odd he didn’t.
There, ’tis like him. Rich and gentlemanly, what does he care?”
Bathsheba dropped into a silence intended to express that she had
opinions on the matter too abstruse for Liddy’s comprehension, rather
than that she had nothing to say.
“Dear me—I had nearly forgotten the valentine I bought yesterday,” she
exclaimed at length.
“Valentine! who for, miss?” said Liddy. “Farmer Boldwood?”
It was the single name among all possible wrong ones that just at this
moment seemed to Bathsheba more pertinent than the right.
“Well, no. It is only for little Teddy Coggan. I have promised him
something, and this will be a pretty surprise for him. Liddy, you may
as well bring me my desk and I’ll direct it at once.”
Bathsheba took from her desk a gorgeously illuminated and embossed
design in post-octavo, which had been bought on the previous market-day
at the chief stationer’s in Casterbridge. In the centre was a small
oval enclosure; this was left blank, that the sender might insert
tender words more appropriate to the special occasion than any
generalities by a printer could possibly be.
“Here’s a place for writing,” said Bathsheba. “What shall I put?”
“Something of this sort, I should think,” returned Liddy promptly:—
“The rose is red,
The violet blue,
Carnation’s sweet,
And so are you.”
“Yes, that shall be it. It just suits itself to a chubby-faced child
like him,” said Bathsheba. She inserted the words in a small though
legible handwriting; enclosed the sheet in an envelope, and dipped her
pen for the direction.
“What fun it would be to send it to the stupid old Boldwood, and how he
would wonder!” said the irrepressible Liddy, lifting her eyebrows, and
indulging in an awful mirth on the verge of fear as she thought of the
moral and social magnitude of the man contemplated.
Bathsheba paused to regard the idea at full length. Boldwood’s had
begun to be a troublesome image—a species of Daniel in her kingdom who
persisted in kneeling eastward when reason and common sense said that
he might just as well follow suit with the rest, and afford her the
official glance of admiration which cost nothing at all. She was far
from being seriously concerned about his nonconformity. Still, it was
faintly depressing that the most dignified and valuable man in the
parish should withhold his eyes, and that a girl like Liddy should talk
about it. So Liddy’s idea was at first rather harassing than piquant.
“No, I won’t do that. He wouldn’t see any humour in it.”
“He’d worry to death,” said the persistent Liddy.
“Really, I don’t care particularly to send it to Teddy,” remarked her
mistress. “He’s rather a naughty child sometimes.”
“Yes—that he is.”
“Let’s toss as men do,” said Bathsheba, idly. “Now then, head,
Boldwood; tail, Teddy. No, we won’t toss money on a Sunday, that would
be tempting the devil indeed.”
“Toss this hymn-book; there can’t be no sinfulness in that, miss.”
“Very well. Open, Boldwood—shut, Teddy. No; it’s more likely to fall
open. Open, Teddy—shut, Boldwood.”
The book went fluttering in the air and came down shut.
Bathsheba, a small yawn upon her mouth, took the pen, and with off-hand
serenity directed the missive to Boldwood.
“Now light a candle, Liddy. Which seal shall we use? Here’s a unicorn’s
head—there’s nothing in that. What’s this?—two doves—no. It ought to be
something extraordinary, ought it not, Liddy? Here’s one with a motto—I
remember it is some funny one, but I can’t read it. We’ll try this, and
if it doesn’t do we’ll have another.”
A large red seal was duly affixed. Bathsheba looked closely at the hot
wax to discover the words.
“Capital!” she exclaimed, throwing down the letter frolicsomely.
“’Twould upset the solemnity of a parson and clerke too.”
Liddy looked at the words of the seal, and read—
“MARRY ME.”
The same evening the letter was sent, and was duly sorted in
Casterbridge post-office that night, to be returned to Weatherbury
again in the morning.
So very idly and unreflectingly was this deed done. Of love as a
spectacle Bathsheba had a fair knowledge; but of love subjectively she
knew nothing.
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Let's Analyse the Pattern
When wounded pride drives us to seek attention from those who ignore us, creating unintended consequences that spiral beyond our control.
Why This Matters
Connect literature to life
This chapter teaches us to recognize when wounded pride is masquerading as confidence or justified action.
Practice This Today
This week, notice when someone's indifference bothers you more than it should—that's your signal to examine what you're really trying to prove before you act on it.
Now let's explore the literary elements.
Key Quotes & Analysis
"Very well, let's try it"
Context: When Liddy suggests using the Bible for fortune-telling
This shows Bathsheba's impulsive nature and willingness to abandon her principles when bored. She dismisses the superstition as nonsense, then immediately agrees to try it, revealing her inconsistency and need for entertainment.
In Today's Words:
Fine, whatever, let's do it - I'm bored anyway.
"The only man in the parish who doesn't notice me"
Context: Explaining why Boldwood bothers her
This reveals Bathsheba's vanity and need for male attention. She's not interested in Boldwood romantically, but his indifference wounds her pride. This wounded vanity drives her dangerous decision.
In Today's Words:
He's literally the only guy who doesn't pay attention to me and it's driving me crazy.
"MARRY ME"
Context: The words on the valentine's wax seal
Hardy emphasizes the irony - what started as a harmless prank becomes an accidental marriage proposal. The capitalized words show the weight of this unintended message that will have serious consequences.
In Today's Words:
The universe just played the ultimate prank on her.
"The deed was done very idly and unreflectingly"
Context: Describing how Bathsheba sent the valentine
Hardy's key theme about how thoughtless actions can change everything. The word 'unreflectingly' emphasizes that Bathsheba didn't consider consequences, setting up the tragedy that follows from this moment of boredom.
In Today's Words:
She did it without thinking it through at all.
Thematic Threads
Pride
In This Chapter
Bathsheba's ego is wounded by Boldwood's indifference to her beauty when all other men notice her
Development
Building from earlier chapters where her vanity was more innocent—now it drives destructive choices
In Your Life:
You might recognize this when someone's lack of attention bothers you more than it should, leading to attention-seeking behavior
Impulse
In This Chapter
Bathsheba makes the valentine decision 'very idly and unreflectingly,' using a hymn book flip to justify impulsive action
Development
Introduced here as a key character flaw that will likely create future problems
In Your Life:
You see this when you make quick decisions to solve emotional problems without thinking through the consequences
Social Influence
In This Chapter
Liddy plants the mischievous idea of sending the valentine to Boldwood, enabling Bathsheba's poor choice
Development
Continues the theme of how others shape our decisions, often without understanding the full impact
In Your Life:
This appears when friends or coworkers suggest 'harmless' actions that align with your worst impulses
Unintended Consequences
In This Chapter
The valentine's wax seal reads 'MARRY ME,' turning a prank into an accidental marriage proposal
Development
Introduced here as a warning about how small actions can have massive implications
In Your Life:
You experience this when a text, email, or comment you meant as minor creates major relationship drama
Emotional Inexperience
In This Chapter
Hardy notes Bathsheba understands love as a spectacle in others but has no personal experience with it
Development
Deepens our understanding of why she makes such poor romantic choices
In Your Life:
This shows up when you think you understand situations you've only observed, not lived through yourself
You now have the context. Time to form your own thoughts.
Discussion Questions
- 1
What specific actions led Bathsheba from innocent Sunday entertainment to sending a valentine with 'MARRY ME' on it?
analysis • surface - 2
Why does Boldwood's indifference bother Bathsheba more than if he actively disliked her?
analysis • medium - 3
Where do you see people today making impulsive decisions because someone doesn't give them the attention they expect?
application • medium - 4
If you were Bathsheba's friend and saw her getting worked up about Boldwood ignoring her, what would you say to help her see the situation differently?
application • deep - 5
What does this chapter reveal about how our need for validation can override our common sense?
reflection • deep
Critical Thinking Exercise
Track Your Validation Triggers
Think of a recent time when someone's lack of response or attention bothered you more than it should have. Write down what happened, why their opinion mattered to you, and what you did (or wanted to do) to get their attention. Then analyze: was your reaction proportional to the actual situation?
Consider:
- •Notice if certain types of people (authority figures, attractive people, successful peers) trigger this response more than others
- •Consider whether you were seeking validation for something you already felt insecure about
- •Examine if your response created more problems than the original slight
Journaling Prompt
Write about someone whose opinion of you matters more than it should. What would change in your life if you cared less about what they think?
Coming Up Next...
Chapter 14: When Obsession Takes Root
The valentine reaches Boldwood, and Hardy shows us exactly how this seemingly innocent prank will shatter the quiet farmer's carefully ordered world. The effect is immediate and profound.




