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The Mill on the Floss - When Jealousy Takes Control

George Eliot

The Mill on the Floss

When Jealousy Takes Control

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Summary

Maggie's jealousy reaches a boiling point when Tom ignores her to play with their cousin Lucy instead. Feeling excluded and replaced, Maggie follows Tom and Lucy to the forbidden pond area, where her hurt feelings explode into action—she pushes innocent Lucy into the mud. The aftermath is swift: Tom tells on her, Lucy is traumatized and dirty, and the adults are horrified. Mrs. Tulliver blames herself as a bad mother, while Aunt Pullet sees this as proof that the Tulliver children are uncontrollable. When the adults go looking for Maggie to punish her, they discover she's vanished entirely, sending her mother into a panic about drowning. This chapter shows how jealousy can make us lash out at the wrong person—Lucy never did anything to Maggie, but became the target simply because Tom favored her. Maggie's impulsive act of revenge only succeeded in making everyone miserable, including herself. Eliot captures the painful reality of sibling rivalry and how children can feel genuinely threatened when they sense their place in someone's affection is being challenged. The chapter also reveals the class anxieties of the time—the adults are mortified by the children's 'improper' behavior, seeing it as a reflection of their family's respectability.

Coming Up in Chapter 11

With everyone searching for her and her mother fearing the worst, Maggie has disappeared completely. Where has she gone, and what desperate plan is forming in her young mind as she tries to escape the consequences of her actions?

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An excerpt from the original text.(complete · 2398 words)

M

aggie Behaves Worse Than She Expected

The startling object which thus made an epoch for uncle Pullet was no
other than little Lucy, with one side of her person, from her small
foot to her bonnet-crown, wet and discoloured with mud, holding out two
tiny blackened hands, and making a very piteous face. To account for
this unprecedented apparition in aunt Pullet’s parlour, we must return
to the moment when the three children went to play out of doors, and
the small demons who had taken possession of Maggie’s soul at an early
period of the day had returned in all the greater force after a
temporary absence. All the disagreeable recollections of the morning
were thick upon her, when Tom, whose displeasure toward her had been
considerably refreshed by her foolish trick of causing him to upset his
cowslip wine, said, “Here, Lucy, you come along with me,” and walked
off to the area where the toads were, as if there were no Maggie in
existence. Seeing this, Maggie lingered at a distance, looking like a
small Medusa with her snakes cropped. Lucy was naturally pleased that
cousin Tom was so good to her, and it was very amusing to see him
tickling a fat toad with a piece of string when the toad was safe down
the area, with an iron grating over him. Still Lucy wished Maggie to
enjoy the spectacle also, especially as she would doubtless find a name
for the toad, and say what had been his past history; for Lucy had a
delighted semi-belief in Maggie’s stories about the live things they
came upon by accident,—how Mrs Earwig had a wash at home, and one of
her children had fallen into the hot copper, for which reason she was
running so fast to fetch the doctor. Tom had a profound contempt for
this nonsense of Maggie’s, smashing the earwig at once as a superfluous
yet easy means of proving the entire unreality of such a story; but
Lucy, for the life of her, could not help fancying there was something
in it, and at all events thought it was very pretty make-believe. So
now the desire to know the history of a very portly toad, added to her
habitual affectionateness, made her run back to Maggie and say, “Oh,
there is such a big, funny toad, Maggie! Do come and see!”

Maggie said nothing, but turned away from her with a deeper frown. As
long as Tom seemed to prefer Lucy to her, Lucy made part of his
unkindness. Maggie would have thought a little while ago that she could
never be cross with pretty little Lucy, any more than she could be
cruel to a little white mouse; but then, Tom had always been quite
indifferent to Lucy before, and it had been left to Maggie to pet and
make much of her. As it was, she was actually beginning to think that
she should like to make Lucy cry by slapping or pinching her,
especially as it might vex Tom, whom it was of no use to slap, even if
she dared, because he didn’t mind it. And if Lucy hadn’t been there,
Maggie was sure he would have got friends with her sooner.

Tickling a fat toad who is not highly sensitive is an amusement that it
is possible to exhaust, and Tom by and by began to look round for some
other mode of passing the time. But in so prim a garden, where they
were not to go off the paved walks, there was not a great choice of
sport. The only great pleasure such a restriction suggested was the
pleasure of breaking it, and Tom began to meditate an insurrectionary
visit to the pond, about a field’s length beyond the garden.

“I say, Lucy,” he began, nodding his head up and down with great
significance, as he coiled up his string again, “what do you think I
mean to do?”

“What, Tom?” said Lucy, with curiosity.

“I mean to go to the pond and look at the pike. You may go with me if
you like,” said the young sultan.

“Oh, Tom, dare you?” said Lucy. “Aunt said we mustn’t go out of the
garden.”

“Oh, I shall go out at the other end of the garden,” said Tom. “Nobody
’ull see us. Besides, I don’t care if they do,—I’ll run off home.”

“But I couldn’t run,” said Lucy, who had never before been exposed to
such severe temptation.

“Oh, never mind; they won’t be cross with you,” said Tom. “You say I
took you.”

Tom walked along, and Lucy trotted by his side, timidly enjoying the
rare treat of doing something naughty,—excited also by the mention of
that celebrity, the pike, about which she was quite uncertain whether
it was a fish or a fowl.

Maggie saw them leaving the garden, and could not resist the impulse to
follow. Anger and jealousy can no more bear to lose sight of their
objects than love, and that Tom and Lucy should do or see anything of
which she was ignorant would have been an intolerable idea to Maggie.
So she kept a few yards behind them, unobserved by Tom, who was
presently absorbed in watching for the pike,—a highly interesting
monster; he was said to be so very old, so very large, and to have such
a remarkable appetite. The pike, like other celebrities, did not show
when he was watched for, but Tom caught sight of something in rapid
movement in the water, which attracted him to another spot on the brink
of the pond.

“Here, Lucy!” he said in a loud whisper, “come here! take care! keep on
the grass!—don’t step where the cows have been!” he added, pointing to
a peninsula of dry grass, with trodden mud on each side of it; for
Tom’s contemptuous conception of a girl included the attribute of being
unfit to walk in dirty places.

Lucy came carefully as she was bidden, and bent down to look at what
seemed a golden arrow-head darting through the water. It was a
water-snake, Tom told her; and Lucy at last could see the serpentine
wave of its body, very much wondering that a snake could swim. Maggie
had drawn nearer and nearer; she must see it too, though it was
bitter to her, like everything else, since Tom did not care about her
seeing it. At last she was close by Lucy; and Tom, who had been aware
of her approach, but would not notice it till he was obliged, turned
round and said,—

“Now, get away, Maggie; there’s no room for you on the grass here.
Nobody asked you to come.”

There were passions at war in Maggie at that moment to have made a
tragedy, if tragedies were made by passion only; but the essential τι
μέγεθος which was present in the passion was wanting to the action; the
utmost Maggie could do, with a fierce thrust of her small brown arm,
was to push poor little pink-and-white Lucy into the cow-trodden mud.

Then Tom could not restrain himself, and gave Maggie two smart slaps on
the arm as he ran to pick up Lucy, who lay crying helplessly. Maggie
retreated to the roots of a tree a few yards off, and looked on
impenitently. Usually her repentance came quickly after one rash deed,
but now Tom and Lucy had made her so miserable, she was glad to spoil
their happiness,—glad to make everybody uncomfortable. Why should she
be sorry? Tom was very slow to forgive her, however sorry she might
have been.

“I shall tell mother, you know, Miss Mag,” said Tom, loudly and
emphatically, as soon as Lucy was up and ready to walk away. It was not
Tom’s practice to “tell,” but here justice clearly demanded that Maggie
should be visited with the utmost punishment; not that Tom had learned
to put his views in that abstract form; he never mentioned “justice,”
and had no idea that his desire to punish might be called by that fine
name. Lucy was too entirely absorbed by the evil that had befallen
her,—the spoiling of her pretty best clothes, and the discomfort of
being wet and dirty,—to think much of the cause, which was entirely
mysterious to her. She could never have guessed what she had done to
make Maggie angry with her; but she felt that Maggie was very unkind
and disagreeable, and made no magnanimous entreaties to Tom that he
would not “tell,” only running along by his side and crying piteously,
while Maggie sat on the roots of the tree and looked after them with
her small Medusa face.

“Sally,” said Tom, when they reached the kitchen door, and Sally looked
at them in speechless amaze, with a piece of bread-and-butter in her
mouth and a toasting-fork in her hand,—“Sally, tell mother it was
Maggie pushed Lucy into the mud.”

“But Lors ha’ massy, how did you get near such mud as that?” said
Sally, making a wry face, as she stooped down and examined the corpus
delicti
.

Tom’s imagination had not been rapid and capacious enough to include
this question among the foreseen consequences, but it was no sooner put
than he foresaw whither it tended, and that Maggie would not be
considered the only culprit in the case. He walked quietly away from
the kitchen door, leaving Sally to that pleasure of guessing which
active minds notoriously prefer to ready-made knowledge.

Sally, as you are aware, lost no time in presenting Lucy at the parlour
door, for to have so dirty an object introduced into the house at Garum
Firs was too great a weight to be sustained by a single mind.

“Goodness gracious!” aunt Pullet exclaimed, after preluding by an
inarticulate scream; “keep her at the door, Sally! Don’t bring her off
the oil-cloth, whatever you do.”

“Why, she’s tumbled into some nasty mud,” said Mrs Tulliver, going up
to Lucy to examine into the amount of damage to clothes for which she
felt herself responsible to her sister Deane.

“If you please, ’um, it was Miss Maggie as pushed her in,” said Sally;
“Master Tom’s been and said so, and they must ha’ been to the pond, for
it’s only there they could ha’ got into such dirt.”

“There it is, Bessy; it’s what I’ve been telling you,” said Mrs Pullet,
in a tone of prophetic sadness; “it’s your children,—there’s no knowing
what they’ll come to.”

Mrs Tulliver was mute, feeling herself a truly wretched mother. As
usual, the thought pressed upon her that people would think she had
done something wicked to deserve her maternal troubles, while Mrs
Pullet began to give elaborate directions to Sally how to guard the
premises from serious injury in the course of removing the dirt.
Meantime tea was to be brought in by the cook, and the two naughty
children were to have theirs in an ignominious manner in the kitchen.
Mrs Tulliver went out to speak to these naughty children, supposing
them to be close at hand; but it was not until after some search that
she found Tom leaning with rather a hardened, careless air against the
white paling of the poultry-yard, and lowering his piece of string on
the other side as a means of exasperating the turkey-cock.

“Tom, you naughty boy, where’s your sister?” said Mrs Tulliver, in a
distressed voice.

“I don’t know,” said Tom; his eagerness for justice on Maggie had
diminished since he had seen clearly that it could hardly be brought
about without the injustice of some blame on his own conduct.

“Why, where did you leave her?” said the mother, looking round.

“Sitting under the tree, against the pond,” said Tom, apparently
indifferent to everything but the string and the turkey-cock.

“Then go and fetch her in this minute, you naughty boy. And how could
you think o’ going to the pond, and taking your sister where there was
dirt? You know she’ll do mischief if there’s mischief to be done.”

It was Mrs Tulliver’s way, if she blamed Tom, to refer his
misdemeanour, somehow or other, to Maggie.

The idea of Maggie sitting alone by the pond roused an habitual fear in
Mrs Tulliver’s mind, and she mounted the horse-block to satisfy herself
by a sight of that fatal child, while Tom walked—not very quickly—on
his way toward her.

“They’re such children for the water, mine are,” she said aloud,
without reflecting that there was no one to hear her; “they’ll be
brought in dead and drownded some day. I wish that river was far
enough.”

But when she not only failed to discern Maggie, but presently saw Tom
returning from the pool alone, this hovering fear entered and took
complete possession of her, and she hurried to meet him.

“Maggie’s nowhere about the pond, mother,” said Tom; “she’s gone away.”

You may conceive the terrified search for Maggie, and the difficulty of
convincing her mother that she was not in the pond. Mrs Pullet observed
that the child might come to a worse end if she lived, there was no
knowing; and Mr Pullet, confused and overwhelmed by this revolutionary
aspect of things,—the tea deferred and the poultry alarmed by the
unusual running to and fro,—took up his spud as an instrument of
search, and reached down a key to unlock the goose-pen, as a likely
place for Maggie to lie concealed in.

Tom, after a while, started the idea that Maggie was gone home (without
thinking it necessary to state that it was what he should have done
himself under the circumstances)
, and the suggestion was seized as a
comfort by his mother.

“Sister, for goodness’ sake let ’em put the horse in the carriage and
take me home; we shall perhaps find her on the road. Lucy can’t walk in
her dirty clothes,” she said, looking at that innocent victim, who was
wrapped up in a shawl, and sitting with naked feet on the sofa.

Aunt Pullet was quite willing to take the shortest means of restoring
her premises to order and quiet, and it was not long before Mrs
Tulliver was in the chaise, looking anxiously at the most distant point
before her. What the father would say if Maggie was lost, was a
question that predominated over every other.

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Let's Analyse the Pattern

Pattern: Misdirected Revenge
When we feel replaced or pushed out, we often strike at the wrong target. Maggie doesn't confront Tom about ignoring her—instead, she pushes innocent Lucy into the mud. This is the pattern of misdirected revenge: when someone hurts us, we lash out at whoever's easier to reach, safer to attack, or simply in the wrong place at the wrong time. The mechanism is pure emotional logic. Tom has the power in Maggie's world—he's the favored child, the boy, the one who gets respect. Attacking him directly feels too risky or impossible. Lucy, however, is vulnerable, unsuspecting, and represents everything Maggie feels she's losing. So Lucy becomes the target, even though she's done nothing wrong. It's not about fairness—it's about finding an outlet for pain we can't otherwise express. This pattern plays out constantly in modern life. The nurse who gets yelled at by a patient angry at their insurance company. The cashier who bears the brunt of a customer's frustration with corporate policies. The spouse who gets snapped at because their partner had a terrible day at work. The coworker who gets blamed for a project failure when the real problem is management's unrealistic deadlines. We see it in families where the 'easy' child gets picked on because the difficult one seems untouchable. When you feel that surge of wanting to strike back, pause and ask: 'Who actually hurt me, and who am I about to hurt?' The person in front of you might just be convenient, not responsible. If you must address the pain, go to its source. If you can't—because they hold too much power or won't listen—find a safe outlet that doesn't create new victims. Write it out, talk to a friend, or channel that energy into something productive. Don't let your hurt turn innocent people into casualties. When you can name the pattern, predict where it leads, and navigate it successfully—that's amplified intelligence. Recognizing misdirected revenge before it happens protects both you and the people around you from unnecessary damage.

When hurt by someone powerful or untouchable, we often lash out at whoever is vulnerable and nearby instead.

Why This Matters

Connect literature to life

Skill: Recognizing Misdirected Revenge

This chapter teaches how to spot when we're about to attack the wrong person for someone else's actions.

Practice This Today

Next time you feel furious and want to lash out, pause and ask: 'Who actually has the power here, and who am I about to hurt?'

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Now let's explore the literary elements.

Key Quotes & Analysis

"Here, Lucy, you come along with me"

— Tom

Context: Tom completely ignores Maggie and invites only Lucy to see the toads

This simple invitation becomes the trigger for disaster. Tom's casual dismissal of Maggie shows how thoughtlessly we can wound someone by excluding them, especially when they're already feeling vulnerable.

In Today's Words:

Come on, Lucy, let's go - you're the only one I want to hang out with

"looking like a small Medusa with her snakes cropped"

— Narrator

Context: Describing how Maggie appears as she watches Tom favor Lucy over her

Eliot transforms Maggie into a mythological monster, showing how jealousy can make us look and feel monstrous. The image captures both Maggie's fury and her powerlessness.

In Today's Words:

She looked absolutely furious, like she could kill someone with just a look

"Lucy wished Maggie to enjoy the spectacle also"

— Narrator

Context: Lucy innocently wants to include Maggie in the fun with the toad

This shows Lucy's genuine kindness and makes Maggie's eventual attack even more tragic. Lucy has no idea she's become a threat in Maggie's mind - she actually wants to include her.

In Today's Words:

Lucy wanted Maggie to have fun too - she wasn't trying to steal Tom away

Thematic Threads

Jealousy

In This Chapter

Maggie's raw jealousy of Lucy's easy acceptance by Tom drives her to violence

Development

Builds on earlier chapters showing Maggie's need for Tom's approval

In Your Life:

You might feel this when a coworker gets the recognition or opportunities you wanted

Class Anxiety

In This Chapter

The adults are mortified by the children's behavior, seeing it as a threat to family respectability

Development

Continues the theme of how the Tullivers worry about their social standing

In Your Life:

You might feel this pressure when your family's actions reflect on your reputation at work or in your community

Powerlessness

In This Chapter

Maggie has no real power over Tom's affections, so she strikes at Lucy instead

Development

Expands on Maggie's ongoing struggle with having no control in her world

In Your Life:

You might recognize this when you feel helpless in a situation and look for someone else to blame or control

Consequences

In This Chapter

Maggie's impulsive act creates chaos for everyone and solves nothing

Development

Reinforces the pattern of Maggie's actions backfiring

In Your Life:

You might see this when your emotional reactions make situations worse instead of better

Maternal Guilt

In This Chapter

Mrs. Tulliver immediately blames herself as a bad mother when Maggie misbehaves

Development

Shows how mothers in this world are held responsible for children's every action

In Your Life:

You might feel this automatic self-blame when things go wrong in your family or workplace

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You now have the context. Time to form your own thoughts.

Discussion Questions

  1. 1

    What triggered Maggie's decision to push Lucy into the mud, and what was she really angry about?

    analysis • surface
  2. 2

    Why do you think Maggie targeted Lucy instead of confronting Tom directly about ignoring her?

    analysis • medium
  3. 3

    Where do you see this pattern of 'misdirected revenge' happening in workplaces, families, or communities today?

    application • medium
  4. 4

    If you were Maggie's parent, how would you address both her jealousy and her choice to hurt an innocent person?

    application • deep
  5. 5

    What does this chapter reveal about how power dynamics affect who we feel safe confronting versus who becomes an easy target?

    reflection • deep

Critical Thinking Exercise

10 minutes

Map the Real Target

Think of a recent time when you felt angry or hurt by someone's actions. Draw or write out: Who actually hurt you? Who did you want to lash out at? Who would be the easiest/safest target? Now trace why those three people might be different and what that reveals about power dynamics in your situation.

Consider:

  • •Notice if the person who hurt you holds more power or authority than you do
  • •Consider whether the 'easy target' has done anything wrong or is just convenient
  • •Think about what you really need - acknowledgment, change, or just to be heard

Journaling Prompt

Write about a time when you either misdirected your anger at the wrong person, or when you became someone else's target for pain you didn't cause. What would you do differently now?

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Coming Up Next...

Chapter 11: Maggie's Great Escape Goes Wrong

With everyone searching for her and her mother fearing the worst, Maggie has disappeared completely. Where has she gone, and what desperate plan is forming in her young mind as she tries to escape the consequences of her actions?

Continue to Chapter 11
Previous
The Weight of Family Expectations
Contents
Next
Maggie's Great Escape Goes Wrong

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