An excerpt from the original text.(complete · 4734 words)
the face of all his handicaps, Jurgis was obliged to make the price
of a lodging, and of a drink every hour or two, under penalty of
freezing to death. Day after day he roamed about in the arctic cold,
his soul filled full of bitterness and despair. He saw the world of
civilization then more plainly than ever he had seen it before; a world
in which nothing counted but brutal might, an order devised by those
who possessed it for the subjugation of those who did not. He was one
of the latter; and all outdoors, all life, was to him one colossal
prison, which he paced like a pent-up tiger, trying one bar after
another, and finding them all beyond his power. He had lost in the
fierce battle of greed, and so was doomed to be exterminated; and all
society was busied to see that he did not escape the sentence.
Everywhere that he turned were prison bars, and hostile eyes following
him; the well-fed, sleek policemen, from whose glances he shrank, and
who seemed to grip their clubs more tightly when they saw him; the
saloon-keepers, who never ceased to watch him while he was in their
places, who were jealous of every moment he lingered after he had paid
his money; the hurrying throngs upon the streets, who were deaf to his
entreaties, oblivious of his very existence—and savage and contemptuous
when he forced himself upon them. They had their own affairs, and there
was no place for him among them. There was no place for him
anywhere—every direction he turned his gaze, this fact was forced upon
him: Everything was built to express it to him: the residences, with
their heavy walls and bolted doors, and basement windows barred with
iron; the great warehouses filled with the products of the whole world,
and guarded by iron shutters and heavy gates; the banks with their
unthinkable billions of wealth, all buried in safes and vaults of
steel.
And then one day there befell Jurgis the one adventure of his life. It
was late at night, and he had failed to get the price of a lodging.
Snow was falling, and he had been out so long that he was covered with
it, and was chilled to the bone. He was working among the theater
crowds, flitting here and there, taking large chances with the police,
in his desperation half hoping to be arrested. When he saw a blue-coat
start toward him, however, his heart failed him, and he dashed down a
side street and fled a couple of blocks. When he stopped again he saw a
man coming toward him, and placed himself in his path.
“Please, sir,” he began, in the usual formula, “will you give me the
price of a lodging? I’ve had a broken arm, and I can’t work, and I’ve
not a cent in my pocket. I’m an honest working-man, sir, and I never
begged before! It’s not my fault, sir—”
Jurgis usually went on until he was interrupted, but this man did not
interrupt, and so at last he came to a breathless stop. The other had
halted, and Jurgis suddenly noticed that he stood a little unsteadily.
“Whuzzat you say?” he queried suddenly, in a thick voice.
Jurgis began again, speaking more slowly and distinctly; before he was
half through the other put out his hand and rested it upon his
shoulder. “Poor ole chappie!” he said. “Been up—hic—up—against it,
hey?”
Then he lurched toward Jurgis, and the hand upon his shoulder became an
arm about his neck. “Up against it myself, ole sport,” he said. “She’s
a hard ole world.”
They were close to a lamppost, and Jurgis got a glimpse of the other.
He was a young fellow—not much over eighteen, with a handsome boyish
face. He wore a silk hat and a rich soft overcoat with a fur collar;
and he smiled at Jurgis with benignant sympathy. “I’m hard up, too, my
goo’ fren’,” he said. “I’ve got cruel parents, or I’d set you up.
Whuzzamatter whizyer?”
“I’ve been in the hospital.”
“Hospital!” exclaimed the young fellow, still smiling sweetly, “thass
too bad! Same’s my Aunt Polly—hic—my Aunt Polly’s in the hospital,
too—ole auntie’s been havin’ twins! Whuzzamatter whiz you?”
“I’ve got a broken arm—” Jurgis began.
“So,” said the other, sympathetically. “That ain’t so bad—you get over
that. I wish somebody’d break my arm, ole chappie—damfidon’t! Then
they’d treat me better—hic—hole me up, ole sport! Whuzzit you wamme
do?”
“I’m hungry, sir,” said Jurgis.
“Hungry! Why don’t you hassome supper?”
“I’ve got no money, sir.”
“No money! Ho, ho—less be chums, ole boy—jess like me! No money,
either—a’most busted! Why don’t you go home, then, same’s me?”
“I haven’t any home,” said Jurgis.
“No home! Stranger in the city, hey? Goo’ God, thass bad! Better come
home wiz me—yes, by Harry, thass the trick, you’ll come home an’
hassome supper—hic—wiz me! Awful lonesome—nobody home! Guv’ner gone
abroad—Bubby on’s honeymoon—Polly havin’ twins—every damn soul gone
away! Nuff—hic—nuff to drive a feller to drink, I say! Only ole Ham
standin’ by, passin’ plates—damfican eat like that, no sir! The club
for me every time, my boy, I say. But then they won’t lemme sleep
there—guv’ner’s orders, by Harry—home every night, sir! Ever hear
anythin’ like that? ‘Every mornin’ do?’ I asked him. ‘No, sir, every
night, or no allowance at all, sir.’ Thass my guv’ner—‘nice as nails,
by Harry! Tole ole Ham to watch me, too—servants spyin’ on me—whuzyer
think that, my fren’? A nice, quiet—hic—goodhearted young feller like
me, an’ his daddy can’t go to Europe—hup!—an’ leave him in peace! Ain’t
that a shame, sir? An’ I gotter go home every evenin’ an’ miss all the
fun, by Harry! Thass whuzzamatter now—thass why I’m here! Hadda come
away an’ leave Kitty—hic—left her cryin’, too—whujja think of that, ole
sport? ‘Lemme go, Kittens,’ says I—‘come early an’ often—I go where
duty—hic—calls me. Farewell, farewell, my own true love—farewell,
farewehell, my—own true—love!’”
This last was a song, and the young gentleman’s voice rose mournful and
wailing, while he swung upon Jurgis’s neck. The latter was glancing
about nervously, lest some one should approach. They were still alone,
however.
“But I came all right, all right,” continued the youngster,
aggressively, “I can—hic—I can have my own way when I want it, by
Harry—Freddie Jones is a hard man to handle when he gets goin’! ‘No,
sir,’ says I, ‘by thunder, and I don’t need anybody goin’ home with me,
either—whujja take me for, hey? Think I’m drunk, dontcha, hey?—I know
you! But I’m no more drunk than you are, Kittens,’ says I to her. And
then says she, ‘Thass true, Freddie dear’ (she’s a smart one, is
Kitty), ‘but I’m stayin’ in the flat, an’ you’re goin’ out into the
cold, cold night!’ ‘Put it in a pome, lovely Kitty,’ says I. ‘No
jokin’, Freddie, my boy,’ says she. ‘Lemme call a cab now, like a good
dear’—but I can call my own cabs, dontcha fool yourself—and I know what
I’m a-doin’, you bet! Say, my fren’, whatcha say—willye come home an’
see me, an’ hassome supper? Come ’long like a good feller—don’t be
haughty! You’re up against it, same as me, an’ you can unerstan’ a
feller; your heart’s in the right place, by Harry—come ’long, ole
chappie, an’ we’ll light up the house, an’ have some fizz, an’ we’ll
raise hell, we will—whoop-la! S’long’s I’m inside the house I can do as
I please—the guv’ner’s own very orders, b’God! Hip! hip!”
They had started down the street, arm in arm, the young man pushing
Jurgis along, half dazed. Jurgis was trying to think what to do—he knew
he could not pass any crowded place with his new acquaintance without
attracting attention and being stopped. It was only because of the
falling snow that people who passed here did not notice anything wrong.
Suddenly, therefore, Jurgis stopped. “Is it very far?” he inquired.
“Not very,” said the other, “Tired, are you, though? Well, we’ll
ride—whatcha say? Good! Call a cab!”
And then, gripping Jurgis tight with one hand, the young fellow began
searching his pockets with the other. “You call, ole sport, an’ I’ll
pay,” he suggested. “How’s that, hey?”
And he pulled out from somewhere a big roll of bills. It was more money
than Jurgis had ever seen in his life before, and he stared at it with
startled eyes.
“Looks like a lot, hey?” said Master Freddie, fumbling with it. “Fool
you, though, ole chappie—they’re all little ones! I’ll be busted in one
week more, sure thing—word of honor. An’ not a cent more till the
first—hic—guv’ner’s orders—hic—not a cent, by Harry! Nuff to set a
feller crazy, it is. I sent him a cable, this af’noon—thass one reason
more why I’m goin’ home. ‘Hangin’ on the verge of starvation,’ I
says—‘for the honor of the family—hic—sen’ me some bread. Hunger will
compel me to join you—Freddie.’ Thass what I wired him, by Harry, an’ I
mean it—I’ll run away from school, b’God, if he don’t sen’ me some.”
After this fashion the young gentleman continued to prattle on—and
meantime Jurgis was trembling with excitement. He might grab that wad
of bills and be out of sight in the darkness before the other could
collect his wits. Should he do it? What better had he to hope for, if
he waited longer? But Jurgis had never committed a crime in his life,
and now he hesitated half a second too long. “Freddie” got one bill
loose, and then stuffed the rest back into his trousers’ pocket.
“Here, ole man,” he said, “you take it.” He held it out fluttering.
They were in front of a saloon; and by the light of the window Jurgis
saw that it was a hundred-dollar bill! “You take it,” the other
repeated. “Pay the cabbie an’ keep the change—I’ve got—hic—no head for
business! Guv’ner says so hisself, an’ the guv’ner knows—the guv’ner’s
got a head for business, you bet! ‘All right, guv’ner,’ I told him,
‘you run the show, and I’ll take the tickets!’ An’ so he set Aunt Polly
to watch me—hic—an’ now Polly’s off in the hospital havin’ twins, an’
me out raisin’ Cain! Hello, there! Hey! Call him!”
A cab was driving by; and Jurgis sprang and called, and it swung round
to the curb. Master Freddie clambered in with some difficulty, and
Jurgis had started to follow, when the driver shouted: “Hi, there! Get
out—you!”
Jurgis hesitated, and was half obeying; but his companion broke out:
“Whuzzat? Whuzzamatter wiz you, hey?”
And the cabbie subsided, and Jurgis climbed in. Then Freddie gave a
number on the Lake Shore Drive, and the carriage started away. The
youngster leaned back and snuggled up to Jurgis, murmuring contentedly;
in half a minute he was sound asleep, Jurgis sat shivering, speculating
as to whether he might not still be able to get hold of the roll of
bills. He was afraid to try to go through his companion’s pockets,
however; and besides the cabbie might be on the watch. He had the
hundred safe, and he would have to be content with that.
At the end of half an hour or so the cab stopped. They were out on the
waterfront, and from the east a freezing gale was blowing off the
ice-bound lake. “Here we are,” called the cabbie, and Jurgis awakened
his companion.
Master Freddie sat up with a start.
“Hello!” he said. “Where are we? Whuzzis? Who are you, hey? Oh, yes,
sure nuff! Mos’ forgot you—hic—ole chappie! Home, are we? Lessee!
Br-r-r—it’s cold! Yes—come ’long—we’re home—it ever so—hic—humble!”
Before them there loomed an enormous granite pile, set far back from
the street, and occupying a whole block. By the light of the driveway
lamps Jurgis could see that it had towers and huge gables, like a
mediæval castle. He thought that the young fellow must have made a
mistake—it was inconceivable to him that any person could have a home
like a hotel or the city hall. But he followed in silence, and they
went up the long flight of steps, arm in arm.
“There’s a button here, ole sport,” said Master Freddie. “Hole my arm
while I find her! Steady, now—oh, yes, here she is! Saved!”
A bell rang, and in a few seconds the door was opened. A man in blue
livery stood holding it, and gazing before him, silent as a statue.
They stood for a moment blinking in the light. Then Jurgis felt his
companion pulling, and he stepped in, and the blue automaton closed the
door. Jurgis’s heart was beating wildly; it was a bold thing for him to
do—into what strange unearthly place he was venturing he had no idea.
Aladdin entering his cave could not have been more excited.
The place where he stood was dimly lighted; but he could see a vast
hall, with pillars fading into the darkness above, and a great
staircase opening at the far end of it. The floor was of tesselated
marble, smooth as glass, and from the walls strange shapes loomed out,
woven into huge portieres in rich, harmonious colors, or gleaming from
paintings, wonderful and mysterious-looking in the half-light, purple
and red and golden, like sunset glimmers in a shadowy forest.
The man in livery had moved silently toward them; Master Freddie took
off his hat and handed it to him, and then, letting go of Jurgis’ arm,
tried to get out of his overcoat. After two or three attempts he
accomplished this, with the lackey’s help, and meantime a second man
had approached, a tall and portly personage, solemn as an executioner.
He bore straight down upon Jurgis, who shrank away nervously; he seized
him by the arm without a word, and started toward the door with him.
Then suddenly came Master Freddie’s voice, “Hamilton! My fren’ will
remain wiz me.”
The man paused and half released Jurgis. “Come ’long ole chappie,” said
the other, and Jurgis started toward him.
“Master Frederick!” exclaimed the man.
“See that the cabbie—hic—is paid,” was the other’s response; and he
linked his arm in Jurgis’. Jurgis was about to say, “I have the money
for him,” but he restrained himself. The stout man in uniform signaled
to the other, who went out to the cab, while he followed Jurgis and his
young master.
They went down the great hall, and then turned. Before them were two
huge doors.
“Hamilton,” said Master Freddie.
“Well, sir?” said the other.
“Whuzzamatter wizze dinin’-room doors?”
“Nothing is the matter, sir.”
“Then why dontcha openum?”
The man rolled them back; another vista lost itself in the darkness.
“Lights,” commanded Master Freddie; and the butler pressed a button,
and a flood of brilliant incandescence streamed from above,
half-blinding Jurgis. He stared; and little by little he made out the
great apartment, with a domed ceiling from which the light poured, and
walls that were one enormous painting—nymphs and dryads dancing in a
flower-strewn glade—Diana with her hounds and horses, dashing headlong
through a mountain streamlet—a group of maidens bathing in a forest
pool—all life-size, and so real that Jurgis thought that it was some
work of enchantment, that he was in a dream palace. Then his eye passed
to the long table in the center of the hall, a table black as ebony,
and gleaming with wrought silver and gold. In the center of it was a
huge carven bowl, with the glistening gleam of ferns and the red and
purple of rare orchids, glowing from a light hidden somewhere in their
midst.
“This’s the dinin’ room,” observed Master Freddie. “How you like it,
hey, ole sport?”
He always insisted on having an answer to his remarks, leaning over
Jurgis and smiling into his face. Jurgis liked it.
“Rummy ole place to feed in all ’lone, though,” was Freddie’s
comment—“rummy’s hell! Whuzya think, hey?” Then another idea occurred
to him and he went on, without waiting: “Maybe you never saw
anythin—hic—like this ’fore? Hey, ole chappie?”
“No,” said Jurgis.
“Come from country, maybe—hey?”
“Yes,” said Jurgis.
“Aha! I thosso! Lossa folks from country never saw such a place.
Guv’ner brings ’em—free show—hic—reg’lar circus! Go home tell folks
about it. Ole man Jones’s place—Jones the packer—beef-trust man. Made
it all out of hogs, too, damn ole scoundrel. Now we see where our
pennies go—rebates, an’ private car lines—hic—by Harry! Bully place,
though—worth seein’! Ever hear of Jones the packer, hey, ole chappie?”
Jurgis had started involuntarily; the other, whose sharp eyes missed
nothing, demanded: “Whuzzamatter, hey? Heard of him?”
And Jurgis managed to stammer out: “I have worked for him in the
yards.”
“What!” cried Master Freddie, with a yell. “You! In the yards? Ho,
ho! Why, say, thass good! Shake hands on it, ole man—by Harry! Guv’ner
ought to be here—glad to see you. Great fren’s with the men,
guv’ner—labor an’ capital, commun’ty ’f int’rests, an’ all that—hic!
Funny things happen in this world, don’t they, ole man? Hamilton, lemme
interduce you—fren’ the family—ole fren’ the guv’ner’s—works in the
yards. Come to spend the night wiz me, Hamilton—have a hot time. Me
fren’, Mr.—whuzya name, ole chappie? Tell us your name.”
“Rudkus—Jurgis Rudkus.”
“My fren’, Mr. Rednose, Hamilton—shake han’s.”
The stately butler bowed his head, but made not a sound; and suddenly
Master Freddie pointed an eager finger at him. “I know whuzzamatter wiz
you, Hamilton—lay you a dollar I know! You think—hic—you think I’m
drunk! Hey, now?”
And the butler again bowed his head. “Yes, sir,” he said, at which
Master Freddie hung tightly upon Jurgis’s neck and went into a fit of
laughter. “Hamilton, you damn ole scoundrel,” he roared, “I’ll ’scharge
you for impudence, you see ’f I don’t! Ho, ho, ho! I’m drunk! Ho, ho!”
The two waited until his fit had spent itself, to see what new whim
would seize him. “Whatcha wanta do?” he queried suddenly. “Wanta see
the place, ole chappie? Wamme play the guv’ner—show you roun’? State
parlors—Looee Cans—Looee Sez—chairs cost three thousand apiece. Tea
room Maryanntnet—picture of shepherds dancing—Ruysdael—twenty-three
thousan’! Ballroom—balc’ny pillars—hic—imported—special
ship—sixty-eight thousan’! Ceilin’ painted in Rome—whuzzat feller’s
name, Hamilton—Mattatoni? Macaroni? Then this place—silver
bowl—Benvenuto Cellini—rummy ole Dago! An’ the organ—thirty thousan’
dollars, sir—starter up, Hamilton, let Mr. Rednose hear it. No—never
mind—clean forgot—says he’s hungry, Hamilton—less have some supper.
Only—hic—don’t less have it here—come up to my place, ole sport—nice
an’ cosy. This way—steady now, don’t slip on the floor. Hamilton, we’ll
have a cole spread, an’ some fizz—don’t leave out the fizz, by Harry.
We’ll have some of the eighteen-thirty Madeira. Hear me, sir?”
“Yes, sir,” said the butler, “but, Master Frederick, your father left
orders—”
And Master Frederick drew himself up to a stately height. “My father’s
orders were left to me—hic—an’ not to you,” he said. Then, clasping
Jurgis tightly by the neck, he staggered out of the room; on the way
another idea occurred to him, and he asked: “Any—hic—cable message for
me, Hamilton?”
“No, sir,” said the butler.
“Guv’ner must be travelin’. An’ how’s the twins, Hamilton?”
“They are doing well, sir.”
“Good!” said Master Freddie; and added fervently: “God bless ’em, the
little lambs!”
They went up the great staircase, one step at a time; at the top of it
there gleamed at them out of the shadows the figure of a nymph
crouching by a fountain, a figure ravishingly beautiful, the flesh warm
and glowing with the hues of life. Above was a huge court, with domed
roof, the various apartments opening into it. The butler had paused
below but a few minutes to give orders, and then followed them; now he
pressed a button, and the hall blazed with light. He opened a door
before them, and then pressed another button, as they staggered into
the apartment.
It was fitted up as a study. In the center was a mahogany table,
covered with books, and smokers’ implements; the walls were decorated
with college trophies and colors—flags, posters, photographs and
knickknacks—tennis rackets, canoe paddles, golf clubs, and polo sticks.
An enormous moose head, with horns six feet across, faced a buffalo
head on the opposite wall, while bear and tiger skins covered the
polished floor. There were lounging chairs and sofas, window seats
covered with soft cushions of fantastic designs; there was one corner
fitted in Persian fashion, with a huge canopy and a jeweled lamp
beneath. Beyond, a door opened upon a bedroom, and beyond that was a
swimming pool of the purest marble, that had cost about forty thousand
dollars.
Master Freddie stood for a moment or two, gazing about him; then out of
the next room a dog emerged, a monstrous bulldog, the most hideous
object that Jurgis had ever laid eyes upon. He yawned, opening a mouth
like a dragon’s; and he came toward the young man, wagging his tail.
“Hello, Dewey!” cried his master. “Been havin’ a snooze, ole boy? Well,
well—hello there, whuzzamatter?” (The dog was snarling at Jurgis.)
“Why, Dewey—this’ my fren’, Mr. Rednose—ole fren’ the guv’ner’s! Mr.
Rednose, Admiral Dewey; shake han’s—hic. Ain’t he a daisy, though—blue
ribbon at the New York show—eighty-five hundred at a clip! How’s that,
hey?”
The speaker sank into one of the big armchairs, and Admiral Dewey
crouched beneath it; he did not snarl again, but he never took his eyes
off Jurgis. He was perfectly sober, was the Admiral.
The butler had closed the door, and he stood by it, watching Jurgis
every second. Now there came footsteps outside, and, as he opened the
door a man in livery entered, carrying a folding table, and behind him
two men with covered trays. They stood like statues while the first
spread the table and set out the contents of the trays upon it. There
were cold pates, and thin slices of meat, tiny bread and butter
sandwiches with the crust cut off, a bowl of sliced peaches and cream
(in January), little fancy cakes, pink and green and yellow and white,
and half a dozen ice-cold bottles of wine.
“Thass the stuff for you!” cried Master Freddie, exultantly, as he
spied them. “Come ’long, ole chappie, move up.”
And he seated himself at the table; the waiter pulled a cork, and he
took the bottle and poured three glasses of its contents in succession
down his throat. Then he gave a long-drawn sigh, and cried again to
Jurgis to seat himself.
The butler held the chair at the opposite side of the table, and Jurgis
thought it was to keep him out of it; but finally he understand that it
was the other’s intention to put it under him, and so he sat down,
cautiously and mistrustingly. Master Freddie perceived that the
attendants embarrassed him, and he remarked with a nod to them, “You
may go.”
They went, all save the butler.
“You may go too, Hamilton,” he said.
“Master Frederick—” the man began.
“Go!” cried the youngster, angrily. “Damn you, don’t you hear me?”
The man went out and closed the door; Jurgis, who was as sharp as he,
observed that he took the key out of the lock, in order that he might
peer through the keyhole.
Master Frederick turned to the table again. “Now,” he said, “go for
it.”
Jurgis gazed at him doubtingly. “Eat!” cried the other. “Pile in, ole
chappie!”
“Don’t you want anything?” Jurgis asked.
“Ain’t hungry,” was the reply—“only thirsty. Kitty and me had some
candy—you go on.”
So Jurgis began, without further parley. He ate as with two shovels,
his fork in one hand and his knife in the other; when he once got
started his wolf-hunger got the better of him, and he did not stop for
breath until he had cleared every plate. “Gee whiz!” said the other,
who had been watching him in wonder.
Then he held Jurgis the bottle. “Lessee you drink now,” he said; and
Jurgis took the bottle and turned it up to his mouth, and a wonderfully
unearthly liquid ecstasy poured down his throat, tickling every nerve
of him, thrilling him with joy. He drank the very last drop of it, and
then he gave vent to a long-drawn “Ah!”
“Good stuff, hey?” said Freddie, sympathetically; he had leaned back in
the big chair, putting his arm behind his head and gazing at Jurgis.
And Jurgis gazed back at him. He was clad in spotless evening dress,
was Freddie, and looked very handsome—he was a beautiful boy, with
light golden hair and the head of an Antinous. He smiled at Jurgis
confidingly, and then started talking again, with his blissful
insouciance. This time he talked for ten minutes at a stretch, and in
the course of the speech he told Jurgis all of his family history. His
big brother Charlie was in love with the guileless maiden who played
the part of “Little Bright-Eyes” in “The Kaliph of Kamskatka.” He had
been on the verge of marrying her once, only “the guv’ner” had sworn to
disinherit him, and had presented him with a sum that would stagger the
imagination, and that had staggered the virtue of “Little Bright-Eyes.”
Now Charlie had got leave from college, and had gone away in his
automobile on the next best thing to a honeymoon. “The guv’ner” had
made threats to disinherit another of his children also, sister
Gwendolen, who had married an Italian marquis with a string of titles
and a dueling record. They lived in his chateau, or rather had, until
he had taken to firing the breakfast dishes at her; then she had cabled
for help, and the old gentleman had gone over to find out what were his
Grace’s terms. So they had left Freddie all alone, and he with less
than two thousand dollars in his pocket. Freddie was up in arms and
meant serious business, as they would find in the end—if there was no
other way of bringing them to terms he would have his “Kittens” wire
that she was about to marry him, and see what happened then.
So the cheerful youngster rattled on, until he was tired out. He smiled
his sweetest smile at Jurgis, and then he closed his eyes, sleepily.
Then he opened them again, and smiled once more, and finally closed
them and forgot to open them.
For several minutes Jurgis sat perfectly motionless, watching him, and
reveling in the strange sensation of the champagne. Once he stirred,
and the dog growled; after that he sat almost holding his breath—until
after a while the door of the room opened softly, and the butler came
in.
He walked toward Jurgis upon tiptoe, scowling at him; and Jurgis rose
up, and retreated, scowling back. So until he was against the wall, and
then the butler came close, and pointed toward the door. “Get out of
here!” he whispered.
Jurgis hesitated, giving a glance at Freddie, who was snoring softly.
“If you do, you son of a—” hissed the butler, “I’ll mash in your face
for you before you get out of here!”
And Jurgis wavered but an instant more. He saw “Admiral Dewey” coming
up behind the man and growling softly, to back up his threats. Then he
surrendered and started toward the door.
They went out without a sound, and down the great echoing staircase,
and through the dark hall. At the front door he paused, and the butler
strode close to him.
“Hold up your hands,” he snarled. Jurgis took a step back, clinching
his one well fist.
“What for?” he cried; and then understanding that the fellow proposed
to search him, he answered, “I’ll see you in hell first.”
“Do you want to go to jail?” demanded the butler, menacingly. “I’ll
have the police—”
“Have ’em!” roared Jurgis, with fierce passion. “But you won’t put your
hands on me till you do! I haven’t touched anything in your damned
house, and I’ll not have you touch me!”
So the butler, who was terrified lest his young master should waken,
stepped suddenly to the door, and opened it. “Get out of here!” he
said; and then as Jurgis passed through the opening, he gave him a
ferocious kick that sent him down the great stone steps at a run, and
landed him sprawling in the snow at the bottom.
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Let's Analyse the Pattern
Different economic classes live in separate realities with different rules, problems, and possibilities, creating mutual incomprehension.
Why This Matters
Connect literature to life
This chapter teaches how to recognize when you're encountering someone from a completely different economic reality, with different rules and assumptions.
Practice This Today
This week, notice when conversations feel like you're speaking different languages—often it's because you're operating from different class experiences and constraints.
Now let's explore the literary elements.
Key Quotes & Analysis
"He saw the world of civilization then more plainly than ever he had seen it before; a world in which nothing counted but brutal might, an order devised by those who possessed it for the subjugation of those who did not."
Context: As Jurgis wanders the freezing streets, desperate and homeless
This is Jurgis's moment of complete clarity about how power really works. Civilization isn't about fairness or merit - it's about the strong crushing the weak, and the system is designed to keep it that way.
In Today's Words:
He finally got it - the whole system is rigged by people with money to keep people without money down.
"All outdoors, all life, was to him one colossal prison, which he paced like a pent-up tiger, trying one bar after another, and finding them all beyond his power."
Context: Describing Jurgis's realization that every door in society is closed to him
Even though he's physically free, Jurgis understands he's trapped by economic forces. Every institution - police, businesses, even other poor people - works to keep him contained.
In Today's Words:
Everywhere he turned, he hit another wall - like the whole world was designed to keep him locked out.
"They had their own affairs, and there was no place for him among them."
Context: About the hurrying crowds on the street who ignore Jurgis's existence
This captures the isolation of poverty - you become invisible to people living normal lives. Society literally has no space for those who fall out of the economic system.
In Today's Words:
Everyone else had somewhere to go and something to do, but there was no room in their world for someone like him.
Thematic Threads
Class
In This Chapter
The stark contrast between Freddie's mansion world and Jurgis's street survival reveals how class creates entirely different lived experiences
Development
Evolution from workplace exploitation to complete social separation—now showing how class creates parallel universes
In Your Life:
You see this when wealthy patients get different treatment at the hospital than uninsured ones
Invisibility
In This Chapter
Jurgis becomes invisible to Freddie as a real person—just an amusing novelty, not someone with actual struggles and humanity
Development
Developed from earlier workplace dehumanization to social invisibility across class lines
In Your Life:
You experience this when service workers are treated as background props rather than people
Waste
In This Chapter
Freddie casually gives away a hundred dollars while Jurgis has been starving, highlighting how abundance and scarcity coexist
Development
Introduced here as a key element of class inequality
In Your Life:
You see this when companies waste money on executive perks while cutting worker benefits
Barriers
In This Chapter
The mansion's locked doors, suspicious butler, and ultimate ejection show how wealth protects itself through physical and social barriers
Development
Introduced here as the mechanisms that maintain class separation
In Your Life:
You encounter this in exclusive neighborhoods, private clubs, or gated communities that physically separate classes
Irony
In This Chapter
Jurgis dines with the son of the man whose company destroyed his life, yet neither recognizes the connection
Development
Developed from earlier workplace ironies to this ultimate cruel coincidence
In Your Life:
You experience this when the people making decisions about your life have no idea how those decisions affect you
You now have the context. Time to form your own thoughts.
Discussion Questions
- 1
What does Freddie worry about versus what Jurgis worries about? List three concerns for each.
analysis • surface - 2
Why does the butler throw Jurgis out, even though Freddie invited him in?
analysis • medium - 3
Where do you see 'parallel worlds' today - different groups living in the same place but with completely different daily realities?
application • medium - 4
If you found yourself in either Jurgis's or Freddie's position in this scene, what would you do differently to bridge the gap?
application • deep - 5
What does this chapter reveal about how economic barriers become invisible walls between people?
reflection • deep
Critical Thinking Exercise
Map Your Own Parallel Worlds
Think of a time when you encountered someone from a very different economic situation - maybe at work, school, or in your community. Write down what their daily concerns probably are versus yours. Then identify what barriers (visible and invisible) keep your worlds separate.
Consider:
- •Consider both the person with more resources and less resources than you
- •Think about information each person has access to that the other doesn't
- •Notice how different survival skills are needed in different economic realities
Journaling Prompt
Write about a time when you realized someone else was dealing with completely different daily challenges than you imagined. What did you learn about assumptions?
Coming Up Next...
Chapter 25: The Price of Playing the Game
Cast back into the frozen streets with a hundred dollars burning in his pocket, Jurgis faces a choice that will determine not just his immediate survival, but the kind of man he's becoming. The money represents possibility—but also temptation toward a darker path.




