Summary
Lao Tzu reveals one of life's most counterintuitive truths: real power comes from holding back, not pushing forward. He argues that moderation isn't weakness—it's the secret to lasting influence and inner strength. Think of it like this: the person who stays calm in a crisis, who doesn't blow their paycheck when they get a bonus, who doesn't lose their temper when provoked—that person accumulates real power over time. Lao Tzu calls this 'repeated accumulation of attributes,' meaning that every time you choose restraint over excess, you're building something deeper than immediate gratification. This principle applies whether you're managing your household budget, dealing with difficult coworkers, or trying to be a better parent. The chapter uses the metaphor of a plant with deep roots and strong stalks. Surface-level success might look impressive for a while, but it won't survive the first real storm. Deep roots—built through consistent, moderate choices—create the kind of stability that lasts. Lao Tzu suggests that this approach can even make someone fit to 'rule a state,' but he's really talking about ruling your own life effectively. The person who has mastered moderation has learned to work with natural rhythms rather than against them. They understand that sustainable success comes from patience, not force. This isn't about being passive or settling for less—it's about building the kind of inner strength that can handle whatever life throws at you.
Coming Up in Chapter 60
Next, Lao Tzu shifts to a surprising comparison between governing a nation and cooking fish. This unexpected metaphor reveals how the gentlest touch often produces the best results, whether you're leading others or simply trying to handle delicate situations in your own life.
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An excerpt from the original text.(complete · 149 words)
F59. 1. or regulating the human (in our constitution) and rendering the (proper) service to the heavenly, there is nothing like moderation. 2. It is only by this moderation that there is effected an early return (to man's normal state). That early return is what I call the repeated accumulation of the attributes (of the Tao). With that repeated accumulation of those attributes, there comes the subjugation (of every obstacle to such return). Of this subjugation we know not what shall be the limit; and when one knows not what the limit shall be, he may be the ruler of a state. 3. He who possesses the mother of the state may continue long. His case is like that (of the plant) of which we say that its roots are deep and its flower stalks firm:--this is the way to secure that its enduring life shall long be seen.
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Intelligence Amplifier™ Analysis
The Road of Strategic Restraint
True power accumulates through knowing when to hold back rather than pushing forward at maximum intensity.
Why This Matters
Connect literature to life
This chapter teaches how to distinguish between flashy authority and deep influence by observing who maintains power over time.
Practice This Today
This week, notice who in your workplace stays calm during crises and whose opinions people actually seek when decisions matter.
Now let's explore the literary elements.
Terms to Know
Moderation
Lao Tzu's concept of deliberate restraint and balance, avoiding extremes in any direction. It's not about being weak or passive, but about finding the sustainable middle path that builds long-term strength.
Modern Usage:
Like the person who saves part of every paycheck instead of spending it all, or the parent who sets consistent boundaries without yelling.
Early return to normal state
The idea that moderation helps you bounce back quickly from setbacks or stress. When you don't overextend yourself, you have reserves to draw on when life gets tough.
Modern Usage:
The coworker who doesn't burn out because they pace themselves, or the person who recovers faster from illness because they take care of their health.
Repeated accumulation of attributes
Building character and inner strength through consistent small choices over time. Each act of moderation adds to your personal power bank, like compound interest for your soul.
Modern Usage:
How someone becomes known as 'reliable' or 'trustworthy' through hundreds of small consistent actions, not one big gesture.
The mother of the state
The underlying principle or source that gives life to something larger. Like a mother nourishes and sustains her children, this represents the deep foundation that supports everything else.
Modern Usage:
The core values that hold a family together, or the basic principles that make a workplace actually function.
Deep roots and firm stalks
Lao Tzu's metaphor for sustainable success built on strong foundations rather than flashy surface appearances. The plant that survives storms is the one with deep, hidden roots.
Modern Usage:
The difference between someone with real skills versus someone who just talks a good game, or old money versus lottery winners.
Subjugation of obstacles
Overcoming challenges not through force or aggression, but through persistent moderation that gradually wears down resistance. Like water eventually carving through rock.
Modern Usage:
How the quiet, steady employee eventually gets promoted over the loud, pushy one, or how consistent small payments eliminate debt.
Characters in This Chapter
The Moderate Ruler
Ideal leader archetype
Represents someone who governs through restraint and wisdom rather than force. Shows how true authority comes from inner discipline and understanding natural limits.
Modern Equivalent:
The supervisor everyone respects because they're fair and consistent
The Sage
Wise teacher
The one who has mastered moderation and can therefore guide others. Demonstrates how personal discipline creates the foundation for helping others.
Modern Equivalent:
The mentor who gives good advice because they've learned from their own mistakes
Key Quotes & Analysis
"For regulating the human (in our constitution) and rendering the (proper) service to the heavenly, there is nothing like moderation."
Context: Opening statement establishing moderation as the key principle
Sets up the entire chapter's argument that moderation is the master key to both personal growth and effective service to something larger than yourself. It's about finding balance between your human needs and higher purposes.
In Today's Words:
If you want to get your life together and actually make a difference, learn to hold back.
"With that repeated accumulation of those attributes, there comes the subjugation (of every obstacle to such return)."
Context: Explaining how consistent moderation builds power over time
Reveals that small, consistent choices compound into real strength. Each time you choose restraint over excess, you're building the kind of inner power that can handle any challenge.
In Today's Words:
Keep making good choices and eventually nothing can knock you off course.
"His case is like that (of the plant) of which we say that its roots are deep and its flower stalks firm."
Context: Describing the person who has mastered moderation
Uses nature to show the difference between surface success and deep strength. The flashy flower that wilts versus the plant that survives because it invested in strong foundations.
In Today's Words:
They're built to last because they put their energy into what really matters.
Thematic Threads
Personal Growth
In This Chapter
Growth through moderation and strategic restraint rather than constant pushing
Development
Evolving from external achievement to internal strength building
In Your Life:
Every time you choose patience over immediate reaction, you're building deeper personal power.
Class
In This Chapter
Working-class wisdom of sustainability over flashy displays of success
Development
Reinforcing themes of practical wisdom over status performance
In Your Life:
Building real stability matters more than looking successful to others.
Identity
In This Chapter
Identity built on deep roots and consistent character rather than external achievements
Development
Deepening focus on internal foundation over external validation
In Your Life:
Who you are when no one is watching determines your real influence.
Human Relationships
In This Chapter
Lasting influence through measured responses and reliability
Development
Building on earlier themes of harmony through understanding natural rhythms
In Your Life:
Your relationships strengthen when people can count on your steady presence.
Social Expectations
In This Chapter
Rejecting society's pressure for constant maximum effort and immediate results
Development
Continuing challenge to cultural norms about success and achievement
In Your Life:
You can resist the pressure to always be 'on' and still build meaningful influence.
You now have the context. Time to form your own thoughts.
Discussion Questions
- 1
According to Lao Tzu, what kind of power lasts longer - the kind that comes from pushing hard and reacting quickly, or the kind that comes from holding back and choosing restraint?
analysis • surface - 2
Why does Lao Tzu compare sustainable strength to a plant with deep roots rather than flashy flowers? What's the difference between building 'infrastructure' versus chasing immediate results?
analysis • medium - 3
Think about someone you know who has real influence - maybe a supervisor, parent, or community leader. Do they tend to react to everything immediately, or do they pick their moments carefully? What does this tell you about how respect is earned?
application • medium - 4
Describe a situation in your life where you could practice 'strategic restraint' - maybe with money, emotions, or taking on responsibilities. How would choosing moderation in that area build your long-term power rather than drain it?
application • deep - 5
What does this chapter suggest about the difference between looking powerful and actually being powerful? How might our culture's emphasis on 'going harder' actually make people weaker over time?
reflection • deep
Critical Thinking Exercise
Track Your Power Deposits
For the next three days, notice moments when you choose between immediate reaction and strategic restraint. Keep a simple tally: every time you hold back when you could have pushed forward, mark it as a 'power deposit.' Every time you react immediately or go for maximum effort, mark it as a 'power withdrawal.' At the end of three days, look at your pattern and identify which situations drain your long-term influence most.
Consider:
- •Pay attention to emotional reactions - anger, frustration, excitement about spending money
- •Notice work situations where you could volunteer for everything versus choosing strategically
- •Watch for moments when you want to give advice or fix problems immediately versus listening first
Journaling Prompt
Write about a time when you burned yourself out by trying to do too much too fast. What would have happened if you had chosen the 'deep roots' approach instead? How might that have changed the outcome and your energy level?
Coming Up Next...
Chapter 60: Light Touch Leadership
In the next chapter, you'll discover gentle leadership often works better than force, and learn to manage without creating unnecessary conflict. These insights reveal timeless patterns that resonate in our own lives and relationships.