Summary
Lao Tzu tackles a truth that anyone who's ever gotten a promotion or lost a job knows intimately: both success and failure can mess with your head in surprisingly similar ways. He points out that when good things happen to us—getting recognition, climbing the ladder, earning respect—we immediately start worrying about losing it all. That fear of falling from grace can be just as stressful as actually being down and out. It's like finally getting the corner office and then lying awake at night wondering who's gunning for your position. The philosopher goes deeper, suggesting that our attachment to our image and status creates most of our problems. When we define ourselves by our achievements or failures, we become vulnerable to every shift in fortune. He's not saying don't care about anything—he's saying don't let your sense of self rise and fall with external circumstances. The chapter concludes with a powerful leadership insight: the people best suited to run things are those who care about the responsibility as deeply as they care about their own wellbeing. It's not about ego or power trips, but about genuine stewardship. This connects to anyone in a position of responsibility, whether you're managing a team, raising kids, or looking after elderly parents. True leadership comes from treating what you're responsible for with the same care you'd give yourself.
Coming Up in Chapter 14
Next, Lao Tzu explores something that can't be seen, heard, or touched—yet somehow holds everything together. He's about to reveal the invisible force that connects all things.
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An excerpt from the original text.(complete · 178 words)
F13. 1. avour and disgrace would seem equally to be feared; honour and great calamity, to be regarded as personal conditions (of the same kind). 2. What is meant by speaking thus of favour and disgrace? Disgrace is being in a low position (after the enjoyment of favour). The getting that (favour) leads to the apprehension (of losing it), and the losing it leads to the fear of (still greater calamity):--this is what is meant by saying that favour and disgrace would seem equally to be feared. And what is meant by saying that honour and great calamity are to be (similarly) regarded as personal conditions? What makes me liable to great calamity is my having the body (which I call myself); if I had not the body, what great calamity could come to me? 3. Therefore he who would administer the kingdom, honouring it as he honours his own person, may be employed to govern it, and he who would administer it with the love which he bears to his own person may be entrusted with it.
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Intelligence Amplifier™ Analysis
The Success Trap - When Winning Becomes Losing
When we attach our identity to our successes or failures, both become sources of anxiety and poor decision-making.
Why This Matters
Connect literature to life
This chapter teaches how to recognize when external circumstances start defining your sense of self.
Practice This Today
This week, notice when you catch yourself thinking 'I am my job title' instead of 'I work in this role'—the difference reveals where you're vulnerable to success and failure anxiety.
Now let's explore the literary elements.
Terms to Know
Favour and disgrace
Lao Tzu's concept that both success and failure create anxiety because they're two sides of the same coin. When you're up, you fear falling down. When you're down, you fear staying there.
Modern Usage:
We see this in workplace dynamics where getting promoted creates new stress about performance, or in social media where likes and comments become sources of both validation and anxiety.
Personal conditions
Lao Tzu's idea that honor and calamity are states we experience internally, not external realities. They only affect us because we identify with our circumstances rather than seeing them as temporary.
Modern Usage:
This shows up when people say things like 'I am my job' or 'I am a failure' instead of 'I have a job' or 'I made a mistake.'
Having the body
A metaphor for being attached to your ego, image, and physical existence. Lao Tzu suggests that our identification with our personal self creates vulnerability to suffering.
Modern Usage:
We see this in how people stress about their reputation, appearance, or status symbols as if these things define who they really are.
Administering the kingdom
Lao Tzu's term for leadership or taking responsibility for others. He's talking about any situation where you're in charge of something bigger than yourself.
Modern Usage:
This applies to anyone managing a team, raising children, running a household, or even taking care of aging parents.
Honouring as one's own person
The principle of caring for your responsibilities with the same attention and concern you'd give to your own wellbeing. It's about genuine stewardship, not ego.
Modern Usage:
Good managers treat their team's success as seriously as their own career advancement, and good parents put their children's needs on par with their own.
Tao
The central concept of Taoism meaning 'the Way' - the natural order or flow of the universe. It represents living in harmony with how things actually work rather than fighting against reality.
Modern Usage:
We reference this when we talk about 'going with the flow' or finding work-life balance by accepting what we can and can't control.
Characters in This Chapter
The Sage
Ideal leader archetype
Represents the person who has learned to lead without attachment to status or ego. This character demonstrates how to care deeply about responsibilities without being consumed by fear of success or failure.
Modern Equivalent:
The boss who genuinely cares about the team's wellbeing more than their own promotion
The One Who Fears Favour and Disgrace
Cautionary example
Represents anyone caught in the cycle of anxiety about both success and failure. This character shows how attachment to status creates constant stress regardless of circumstances.
Modern Equivalent:
The person who can't enjoy their achievements because they're always worried about losing them
Key Quotes & Analysis
"Favour and disgrace would seem equally to be feared"
Context: Opening the chapter's main teaching about how success and failure both create anxiety
This reveals the counterintuitive truth that getting what we want can be just as stressful as not getting it. Both states keep us focused on external validation rather than inner stability.
In Today's Words:
Getting ahead and falling behind both mess with your head in the same way
"What makes me liable to great calamity is my having the body which I call myself"
Context: Explaining why we suffer when our circumstances change
This points to how our identification with our ego, image, and circumstances creates vulnerability. It's not the events themselves that hurt us, but our attachment to how those events reflect on us.
In Today's Words:
Most of my problems come from caring too much about how I look to others
"He who would administer the kingdom, honouring it as he honours his own person, may be employed to govern it"
Context: Describing the qualities of trustworthy leadership
This establishes that the best leaders are those who care about their responsibilities as deeply as they care about themselves. It's about stewardship, not ego or power.
In Today's Words:
Give responsibility to people who care about the job as much as they care about themselves
Thematic Threads
Identity
In This Chapter
Lao Tzu shows how external circumstances shouldn't define internal worth
Development
Building on earlier themes of authentic self versus social masks
In Your Life:
You might catch yourself saying 'I am my job title' instead of 'I work as...'
Social Expectations
In This Chapter
The pressure to maintain status once achieved creates its own suffering
Development
Deepening the exploration of how social pressure shapes behavior
In Your Life:
You might feel more stressed after a promotion than you did before getting it
Leadership
In This Chapter
True leadership comes from caring about responsibility, not protecting ego
Development
Introduced here as stewardship versus power-seeking
In Your Life:
You might notice the difference between leaders who serve and those who perform
Personal Growth
In This Chapter
Growth means learning to hold success and failure lightly
Development
Expanding on themes of inner stability amid external change
In Your Life:
You might practice responding to both good and bad news with equal calm
You now have the context. Time to form your own thoughts.
Discussion Questions
- 1
According to Lao Tzu, what happens to people when they achieve success or experience failure?
analysis • surface - 2
Why does getting a promotion or recognition often create new anxieties instead of just happiness?
analysis • medium - 3
Think about someone you know who got a big promotion or achievement. How did their behavior change afterward?
application • medium - 4
How would you handle getting recognition at work without letting it go to your head or create new fears?
application • deep - 5
What does this chapter reveal about why some people make better leaders than others?
reflection • deep
Critical Thinking Exercise
Track Your Identity Attachments
Make two lists: things you're proud of about yourself and things you worry about losing. For each item, write whether it's something you ARE or something you DO. Notice how many of your worries connect to things you've made part of your identity. This exercise helps you see where you might be setting yourself up for the success-failure trap that Lao Tzu describes.
Consider:
- •Be honest about what you actually worry about losing, not what you think you should worry about
- •Notice if your proudest achievements are also sources of anxiety
- •Pay attention to items where you use 'I am' versus 'I do' language
Journaling Prompt
Write about a time when you achieved something important and then immediately started worrying about maintaining it. What would have been different if you had separated the achievement from your identity?
Coming Up Next...
Chapter 14: The Invisible Force That Shapes Everything
Moving forward, we'll examine to recognize powerful forces that can't be seen or measured, and understand the most important things in life resist simple description. These insights bridge the gap between classic literature and modern experience.