An excerpt from the original text.(complete · 4824 words)
FOGGY NIGHT AND MORNING—CONCLUSION
“The most private, secret, plainest wedding that it is possible to
have.”
Those had been Bathsheba’s words to Oak one evening, some time after
the event of the preceding chapter, and he meditated a full hour by the
clock upon how to carry out her wishes to the letter.
“A license—O yes, it must be a license,” he said to himself at last.
“Very well, then; first, a license.”
On a dark night, a few days later, Oak came with mysterious steps from
the surrogate’s door, in Casterbridge. On the way home he heard a heavy
tread in front of him, and, overtaking the man, found him to be Coggan.
They walked together into the village until they came to a little lane
behind the church, leading down to the cottage of Laban Tall, who had
lately been installed as clerk of the parish, and was yet in mortal
terror at church on Sundays when he heard his lone voice among certain
hard words of the Psalms, whither no man ventured to follow him.
“Well, good-night, Coggan,” said Oak, “I’m going down this way.”
“Oh!” said Coggan, surprised; “what’s going on to-night then, make so
bold Mr. Oak?”
It seemed rather ungenerous not to tell Coggan, under the
circumstances, for Coggan had been true as steel all through the time
of Gabriel’s unhappiness about Bathsheba, and Gabriel said, “You can
keep a secret, Coggan?”
“You’ve proved me, and you know.”
“Yes, I have, and I do know. Well, then, mistress and I mean to get
married to-morrow morning.”
“Heaven’s high tower! And yet I’ve thought of such a thing from time to
time; true, I have. But keeping it so close! Well, there, ’tis no
consarn of of mine, and I wish ’ee joy o’ her.”
“Thank you, Coggan. But I assure ’ee that this great hush is not what I
wished for at all, or what either of us would have wished if it hadn’t
been for certain things that would make a gay wedding seem hardly the
thing. Bathsheba has a great wish that all the parish shall not be in
church, looking at her—she’s shy-like and nervous about it, in fact—so
I be doing this to humour her.”
“Ay, I see: quite right, too, I suppose I must say. And you be now
going down to the clerk.”
“Yes; you may as well come with me.”
“I am afeard your labour in keeping it close will be throwed away,”
said Coggan, as they walked along. “Labe Tall’s old woman will horn it
all over parish in half-an-hour.”
“So she will, upon my life; I never thought of that,” said Oak,
pausing. “Yet I must tell him to-night, I suppose, for he’s working so
far off, and leaves early.”
“I’ll tell ’ee how we could tackle her,” said Coggan. “I’ll knock and
ask to speak to Laban outside the door, you standing in the background.
Then he’ll come out, and you can tell yer tale. She’ll never guess what
I want en for; and I’ll make up a few words about the farm-work, as a
blind.”
This scheme was considered feasible; and Coggan advanced boldly, and
rapped at Mrs. Tall’s door. Mrs. Tall herself opened it.
“I wanted to have a word with Laban.”
“He’s not at home, and won’t be this side of eleven o’clock. He’ve been
forced to go over to Yalbury since shutting out work. I shall do quite
as well.”
“I hardly think you will. Stop a moment;” and Coggan stepped round the
corner of the porch to consult Oak.
“Who’s t’other man, then?” said Mrs. Tall.
“Only a friend,” said Coggan.
“Say he’s wanted to meet mistress near church-hatch to-morrow morning
at ten,” said Oak, in a whisper. “That he must come without fail, and
wear his best clothes.”
“The clothes will floor us as safe as houses!” said Coggan.
“It can’t be helped,” said Oak. “Tell her.”
So Coggan delivered the message. “Mind, het or wet, blow or snow, he
must come,” added Jan. “’Tis very particular, indeed. The fact is, ’tis
to witness her sign some law-work about taking shares wi’ another
farmer for a long span o’ years. There, that’s what ’tis, and now I’ve
told ’ee, Mother Tall, in a way I shouldn’t ha’ done if I hadn’t loved
’ee so hopeless well.”
Coggan retired before she could ask any further; and next they called
at the vicar’s in a manner which excited no curiosity at all. Then
Gabriel went home, and prepared for the morrow.
“Liddy,” said Bathsheba, on going to bed that night, “I want you to
call me at seven o’clock to-morrow, in case I shouldn’t wake.”
“But you always do wake afore then, ma’am.”
“Yes, but I have something important to do, which I’ll tell you of when
the time comes, and it’s best to make sure.”
Bathsheba, however, awoke voluntarily at four, nor could she by any
contrivance get to sleep again. About six, being quite positive that
her watch had stopped during the night, she could wait no longer. She
went and tapped at Liddy’s door, and after some labour awoke her.
“But I thought it was I who had to call you?” said the bewildered
Liddy. “And it isn’t six yet.”
“Indeed it is; how can you tell such a story, Liddy? I know it must be
ever so much past seven. Come to my room as soon as you can; I want you
to give my hair a good brushing.”
When Liddy came to Bathsheba’s room her mistress was already waiting.
Liddy could not understand this extraordinary promptness. “Whatever
is going on, ma’am?” she said.
“Well, I’ll tell you,” said Bathsheba, with a mischievous smile in her
bright eyes. “Farmer Oak is coming here to dine with me to-day!”
“Farmer Oak—and nobody else?—you two alone?”
“Yes.”
“But is it safe, ma’am, after what’s been said?” asked her companion,
dubiously. “A woman’s good name is such a perishable article that—”
Bathsheba laughed with a flushed cheek, and whispered in Liddy’s ear,
although there was nobody present. Then Liddy stared and exclaimed,
“Souls alive, what news! It makes my heart go quite bumpity-bump!”
“It makes mine rather furious, too,” said Bathsheba. “However, there’s
no getting out of it now!”
It was a damp disagreeable morning. Nevertheless, at twenty minutes to
ten o’clock, Oak came out of his house, and
Went up the hill side
With that sort of stride
A man puts out when walking in search of a bride,
and knocked at Bathsheba’s door. Ten minutes later a large and a
smaller umbrella might have been seen moving from the same door, and
through the mist along the road to the church. The distance was not
more than a quarter of a mile, and these two sensible persons deemed it
unnecessary to drive. An observer must have been very close indeed to
discover that the forms under the umbrellas were those of Oak and
Bathsheba, arm-in-arm for the first time in their lives, Oak in a
greatcoat extending to his knees, and Bathsheba in a cloak that reached
her clogs. Yet, though so plainly dressed, there was a certain
rejuvenated appearance about her:—
As though a rose should shut and be a bud again.
Repose had again incarnadined her cheeks; and having, at Gabriel’s
request, arranged her hair this morning as she had worn it years ago on
Norcombe Hill, she seemed in his eyes remarkably like a girl of that
fascinating dream, which, considering that she was now only three or
four-and-twenty, was perhaps not very wonderful. In the church were
Tall, Liddy, and the parson, and in a remarkably short space of time
the deed was done.
The two sat down very quietly to tea in Bathsheba’s parlour in the
evening of the same day, for it had been arranged that Farmer Oak
should go there to live, since he had as yet neither money, house, nor
furniture worthy of the name, though he was on a sure way towards them,
whilst Bathsheba was, comparatively, in a plethora of all three.
Just as Bathsheba was pouring out a cup of tea, their ears were greeted
by the firing of a cannon, followed by what seemed like a tremendous
blowing of trumpets, in the front of the house.
“There!” said Oak, laughing, “I knew those fellows were up to
something, by the look on their faces.”
Oak took up the light and went into the porch, followed by Bathsheba
with a shawl over her head. The rays fell upon a group of male figures
gathered upon the gravel in front, who, when they saw the newly-married
couple in the porch, set up a loud “Hurrah!” and at the same moment
bang again went the cannon in the background, followed by a hideous
clang of music from a drum, tambourine, clarionet, serpent, hautboy,
tenor-viol, and double-bass—the only remaining relics of the true and
original Weatherbury band—venerable worm-eaten instruments, which had
celebrated in their own persons the victories of Marlborough, under the
fingers of the forefathers of those who played them now. The performers
came forward, and marched up to the front.
“Those bright boys, Mark Clark and Jan, are at the bottom of all this,”
said Oak. “Come in, souls, and have something to eat and drink wi’ me
and my wife.”
“Not to-night,” said Mr. Clark, with evident self-denial. “Thank ye all
the same; but we’ll call at a more seemly time. However, we couldn’t
think of letting the day pass without a note of admiration of some
sort. If ye could send a drop of som’at down to Warren’s, why so it is.
Here’s long life and happiness to neighbour Oak and his comely bride!”
“Thank ye; thank ye all,” said Gabriel. “A bit and a drop shall be sent
to Warren’s for ye at once. I had a thought that we might very likely
get a salute of some sort from our old friends, and I was saying so to
my wife but now.”
“Faith,” said Coggan, in a critical tone, turning to his companions,
“the man hev learnt to say ‘my wife’ in a wonderful naterel way,
considering how very youthful he is in wedlock as yet—hey, neighbours
all?”
“I never heerd a skilful old married feller of twenty years’ standing
pipe ‘my wife’ in a more used note than ’a did,” said Jacob Smallbury.
“It might have been a little more true to nater if’t had been spoke a
little chillier, but that wasn’t to be expected just now.”
“That improvement will come wi’ time,” said Jan, twirling his eye.
Then Oak laughed, and Bathsheba smiled (for she never laughed readily
now), and their friends turned to go.
“Yes; I suppose that’s the size o’t,” said Joseph Poorgrass with a
cheerful sigh as they moved away; “and I wish him joy o’ her; though I
were once or twice upon saying to-day with holy Hosea, in my scripture
manner, which is my second nature, ‘Ephraim is joined to idols: let him
alone.’ But since ’tis as ’tis, why, it might have been worse, and I
feel my thanks accordingly.”
NOTES
[1] This phrase is a conjectural emendation of the unintelligible
expression, “as the Devil said to the Owl,” used by the natives.
[2] The local tower and churchyard do not answer precisely to the
foregoing description.
[3] W. Barnes
Transcriber’s note:
[*] Greek word meaning “it is finished”
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Let's Analyse the Pattern
Authentic success chooses meaningful action over public display, trusting that genuine value creates its own recognition.
Why This Matters
Connect literature to life
This chapter teaches how genuine connections express themselves through consistent, quiet support rather than dramatic displays.
Practice This Today
This week, notice which people in your life show up consistently without seeking credit—those are your Gabriel Oaks worth investing in.
Now let's explore the literary elements.
Key Quotes & Analysis
"The most private, secret, plainest wedding that it is possible to have."
Context: Her instructions to Oak about how she wants their wedding to be conducted
This shows how much Bathsheba has changed from the young woman who craved attention and drama. She now values intimacy and authenticity over spectacle, reflecting her emotional maturity.
In Today's Words:
Let's just go to the courthouse - no fuss, no drama, just us.
"You can keep a secret, Coggan?"
Context: When Oak needs to confide in Coggan about the wedding plans
Oak recognizes that some secrets are meant to be shared with those who've earned trust. This moment shows the value of having people you can rely on during important life moments.
In Today's Words:
Can I trust you with something big?
"You've proved me, and you know."
Context: His response when Oak asks if he can keep a secret
This simple statement carries weight - Coggan has demonstrated his loyalty through Oak's hardest times. Real friendship is proven through consistency during difficulties, not grand gestures.
In Today's Words:
You already know I've got your back.
"my wife"
Context: His natural way of referring to Bathsheba after the ceremony
The ease with which Oak uses this phrase shows how right this marriage feels to him. After years of uncertainty, he's found his natural place in life.
In Today's Words:
Finally getting to say 'my wife' and having it feel completely natural.
Thematic Threads
Maturity
In This Chapter
Gabriel and Bathsheba choose a private ceremony that reflects their grown understanding of what matters in love
Development
Evolved from earlier impulsive decisions and dramatic gestures to thoughtful, intentional choices
In Your Life:
You might recognize this when you stop needing to prove your worth to others and start making decisions based on your own values.
Community
In This Chapter
The townspeople spontaneously celebrate the marriage with music and cannon fire, showing genuine affection
Development
Developed from judgment and gossip to authentic support and celebration
In Your Life:
You might see this when your real friends show up for you without being asked, or when coworkers genuinely celebrate your success.
Identity
In This Chapter
Oak naturally uses 'my wife' and adapts quickly to married life, showing comfort with his new role
Development
Culminated from his journey of patient self-knowledge and steady character development
In Your Life:
You might experience this when you step into a new role that feels right and natural rather than forced or performed.
Love
In This Chapter
Their love expresses itself through practical care and quiet companionship rather than passion or drama
Development
Evolved from earlier relationships based on attraction, obsession, or convenience to genuine partnership
In Your Life:
You might recognize this in relationships where you feel genuinely known and accepted rather than constantly trying to impress.
Social Expectations
In This Chapter
They reject the expected grand wedding in favor of what feels authentic to them
Development
Resolved from earlier struggles with class differences and social pressure to personal choice and confidence
In Your Life:
You might see this when you stop making decisions based on what others expect and start choosing what actually serves your life.
You now have the context. Time to form your own thoughts.
Discussion Questions
- 1
Why do Gabriel and Bathsheba choose a private wedding instead of a public celebration?
analysis • surface - 2
What does their friends' spontaneous celebration reveal about how the community views their relationship?
analysis • medium - 3
Where do you see people today choosing substance over spectacle in their important life moments?
application • medium - 4
When have you seen someone's genuine character get recognized without them having to promote themselves?
application • deep - 5
What does this quiet ending teach us about what makes relationships truly successful over time?
reflection • deep
Critical Thinking Exercise
Substance vs. Spectacle Audit
Think about a recent achievement or important moment in your life. Write down how you handled it - did you focus more on doing it well or on making sure others noticed? Then identify one area where you could shift from seeking external validation to building genuine substance.
Consider:
- •Consider both personal relationships and professional situations
- •Think about social media habits and how they might influence your choices
- •Notice the difference between sharing joy and seeking validation
Journaling Prompt
Write about a time when you accomplished something meaningful without fanfare. How did it feel different from achievements you publicized? What does this tell you about your own values?




